Buprenorphine, a maintenance drug for heroin addicts, exerts its pharmacological function via κ- (KOP), μ-opioid (MOP) and nociceptin/opioid receptor-like 1 (NOP) receptors. Previously, we investigated its effects in an in vitro model expressing human MOP and NOP receptors individually or simultaneously (MOP, NOP, and MOP+NOP) in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Here, we expanded this cell mod...

reverse addressing is an interesting realization of kinship terms in interactive, face to face communication. this descriptive study was proposed to examine the use of family address pronouns in iran as a function of the classical sociological parameters of age, sex, and social distance. it investigated various aspects of reverse addressing as a vernacular phenomenon. data were reported from th...

The effects of the phototoxic K+- channel blockers 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) on Ranvier nodes were compared to those of 5,8-diethoxypsoralen (5,8-EOP) by means of the Hodgkin-Huxley formalism. When these test substances were added individually to the bathing solution (8-MOP: 100 micromol/l; 5-MOP: 50 micromol/l; 5,8-EOP: 10 micromol/l) the following completely reve...

The μ-opioid receptor (MOP) is a subtype that belongs to the superfamily of 7-transmembranespanning G-protein-coupled receptors. Pharmacological studies with gene-knockout mice show that MOP is a major target for the clinically important opioid drugs, such as morphine and fentanyl, and it appears to play critical roles in the mediation of the major effects of these opioid drugs, including analg...

in literary histories written in both iran and the west it has generally be assumed that early modern persian literary works are (technically inferior) copies of western literary works. this has been and is still a claim. almost no academically and scientifically sound works has substantiated this claim. while there is no point in denying a european influence on early modern persian literature,...

Individual researchers retain the copyright on their work products derived from research funded through a contract or grant from the National Council for Eurasian and East European Research (NCEEER). However, the NCEEER and the United States Government have the right to duplicate and disseminate, in written and electronic form, reports submitted to NCEEER to fulfill Contract or Grant Agreements...

8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), activated upon exposure to long-wavelength ultraviolet radiation, is used therapeutically to treat the diseased blood cells of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma patients. The factors responsible for the efficacy of this therapy are reviewed. Primary among these are the plasma level of 8-MOP at the time of irradiation and the effective dose of UVA. 8-MOP plasma levels determin...

Alkaline phosphatase (AP) was covalently linked to the two antitumor monoclonal antibodies, L6 (anticarcinoma) and 1F5 (anti-B lymphoma), forming conjugates that could bind to antigen-positive tumor cells. The conjugates were able to convert the prodrugs, mitomycin phosphate (MOP) and etoposide phosphate (EP), into an active mitomycin C derivative, mitomycin alcohol, and etoposide, respectively...

It is often a good idea to look at the coefficients of the polynomial from a number theoretical standpoint. The general principle is that any polynomial equation can be reduced mod m to obtain another polynomial equation whose coefficients are the residue classes mod m. Many criterions exist for testing whether a polynomial is irreducible. Unfortunately, none are powerful enough to be universal...