In formulating grammatical descriptions, there is a natural and understandable tendency to focus solely on synchronic structural elements, based on the quite reasonable assumptions that structure is crucial to grammar and that coherent descriptions are possible only for one stage of a language at a time. Thus diachrony becomes irrelevant and extraneous to the goal of typology, under that view. ...

The inherent robustness of a system might be an important prerequisite for an incremental parsing model to the effect that grammaticality requirements on full sentences may be suspended or allowed to be violated transiently. However, we present additional means that allow the grammarian to model prefix-analyses by altering a grammar for non-incremental parsing in a controlled way. This is done ...

The AN comparative grammarian is favored by the large number of surviving daughter languages offering comparative testimony but handicapped by the apparently great diversity of case-marking systems among these languages, by problems in characterizing the structure of their case-marking systems, by igThe excellent work of Dahl (1973, Ch. 22) and Wolff (1973) deals with some of the same problems ...

â  â  â  reasons of differences in grammatical opinions among the ancients â â â â â â â  ryadh alsawad * â  marzieh ghorbankhani ** â  â  abstract â â â  the most important characteristic of the rules of arabic language is their extent and diversity, so that they are difficult for learners to manage and learn. there are different reasons that play role in formation of this diversity. some reas...

This article aims at discussing the importance of grammatical studies from 1970´s until decade 2010 through texts published by emeritus Professor Dr. Evanildo Bechara, prominent philologist, grammarian and linguist. Our focus will be on last few years 1970s, with publication book “Ensino de Gramática. Oppression? Liberdade?” (“The Teaching Grammar: Liberty?”), in which he stated an intriguing r...