Using local density functional calculations, we studied the morphological changes of Mo(1 1 1) and W(1 1 1) upon the adsorption of an ultrathin ®lm of Rh. The unusual relaxations induced by Rh on Mo(1 1 1) and W(1 1 1) surfaces should be caused by competing several factors such as Smoluchowski smoothing e€ect, change of atomic interactions, and charge transfer between overlayer and substrate. I...

Introduction Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women.  Early detection of breast cancer is the key to reducing the associated mortality rate. The presence of microcalcifications clusters (MCCs) is one of the earliest signs of breast cancer. Due to poor imaging contrast of mammograms and noise contamination, radiologists may overlook some diagnostic signs, specially t...

The purpose of this study is to describe a method that allows the calculation of a contrast-detail curve for a particular system configuration using simulated micro calcifications into clinical mammograms. We made use of simulated templates of micro calcifications and adjusted their x-ray transmission coefficients and resolution to the properties of the mammographic system under consideration (...

A wide variety of existing combinations of target and filter materials (target/filter combinations) are used in mammography equipment. The patient dose depends on the X-ray quality that is derived from the target/filter combination, and a calibration of the dosimeter that is used in the measurement that corresponds to the specific target/filter combination is necessary. However, dosimeters in m...

The nationwide breast cancer screening programme using mammography has been in full operation in The Netherlands since 1997. There is concern that the mean glandular doses due to mammography might be differing between different regions of the country due to differences in glandularity and compressed breast thickness. To investigate regional differences, glandularity, compressed breast thickness...

By using first principles total energy calculations, the surface energies of (100), (110), (111) and (211) surfaces of Mo before and after adsorbing ultrathin films of Rh have been presented. The results show that in the case of clean Mo surfaces Mo(111) is stable against faceting to Mo(211), Mo(110) and Mo(100), while after adsorbing one physical monolayer of Rh, the surface energies of all th...

introduction breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women.  early detection of breast cancer is the key to reducing the associated mortality rate. the presence of microcalcifications clusters (mccs) is one of the earliest signs of breast cancer. due to poor imaging contrast of mammograms and noise contamination, radiologists may overlook some diagnostic signs, specially t...

The binary A(8)B phase (prototype Pt(8)Ti) has been experimentally observed in 11 systems. A high-throughput search over all the binary transition intermetallics, however, reveals 59 occurrences of the A(8)B phase: Au(8)Zn(dagger), Cd(8)Sc(dagger), Cu(8)Ni(dagger), Cu(8)Zn(dagger), Hg(8)La, Ir(8)Os(dagger), Ir(8)Re, Ir(8)Ru(dagger), Ir(8)Tc, Ir(8)W(dagger), Nb(8)Os(dagger), Nb(8)Rh(dagger), Nb(...