Introduction: Mild cognitive impairment can be considered as an intermediate clinical state between normal cognitive aging and mild dementia. Elderly people with this impairment represent an at-risk group for the development of dementia. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and ...

• Proof: X is j G implies that V = uX is G with mean uμ and variance uΣu. Thus its characteristic function, CV (t) = e ituμe−t 2uTΣu/2. But CV (t) = E[e itV ] = E[e TX ]. If we set t = 1, then this is E[e TX ] which is equal to CX(u). Thus, CX(u) = CV (1) = e iuμe−u TΣu/2. • Proof (other side): we are given that the charac function ofX, CX(u) = E[eiuTX ] = e μe−u TΣu/2. Consider V = uX. Thus, C...

The goal of the current project was to determine (a) the cognitive abilities assessed by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE; M. F. Folstein, S. E. Folstein, & P. R. McHugh, 1975), (b) whether the same abilities are associated with MMSE performance among people of different ages, and (c) whether the same abilities are involved in changes within the same people over time. The authors therefo...

Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) scores for 247 community-dwelling, well-functioning individuals in their 60s (n = 88), in their 80s (n = 92), and 100 or older (n = 67) were compared to examine overall and component MMSE differences. The concomitant influences of visual or literacy deficits, gender, education, race, income, and activities of daily living on MMSE performance were analyzed. Mean MMS...

Carrier frequency offset (CFO) is a challenging problem in the uplink of single-carrier division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system. CFOs effect on orthogonality between subcarriers and cause inter-carrier interference (ICI) (MAI). This paper, analyzes impact performance Discrete Sine Transform (DST) SC-FDMA (DST-SC-FDMA) system investigates with different wireless channels, modulation schemes ma...

BACKGROUND The Korean-Mini-Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE) is a dementia-screening test that can be easily applied in both community and clinical settings. However, in 20% to 30% of cases, the K-MMSE produces a false negative response. This suggests that it is necessary to evaluate the accuracy of K-MMSE as a screening test for dementia, which can be achieved through comparison of K-MMSE and...

This study mainly focuses on multiuser detection in tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS) system forward link. Minimum mean square error (MMSE) is a low complexity multiuser detection method, but MMSE detector cannot achieve satisfactory bit error ratio and near-far resistance, whereas artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA) is expert in optimization and it can realize the global convergence ...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this population-based study was to investigate the usefulness of the Geriatric Depression Scale 15-item version (GDS-15) to assess depressive symptoms among very old people with differing levels of cognitive function. METHODS The 834 participants were aged 85 and over. Feasibility of GDS-15 was evaluated as the proportion of people who completed the scale. Concurrent cri...