The study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50979036), and by the Foundation of National Water Pollution Control and Governance of China (NO. 2009ZX07210007-01). Abstract—In the calculation of mixed-transport capacity of pollutants which were discharged from bank outfall of wide straight rivers or reservoirs, the lateral diffusion coefficient can bett...

In order to estimate the fluxes of Ra isotopes, we measured 224Ra, 226Ra, and 228Ra activities in the Ulsan Bay mixing zone. The convex upwards curvature of the plot of Ra isotope activities versus salinity for the mixing zone suggests that Ra isotopes are supplied from particles entering the mixing zone from both the river and bottom sediments. This addition increases the estuarine flux of 226...

This contribution deals with a novel anaerobic-anoxic reactor for biological nutrient removal (BNR) from wastewater, termed AnoxAn. In the AnoxAn reactor, the anaerobic and anoxic zones for phosphate removal and denitrification are integrated in a single continuous upflow sludge blanket reactor, aiming at high compactness and efficiency. Its application is envisaged in those cases where retrofi...

We study the shock-driven turbulent mixing that occurs when a perturbed planar density interface is impacted by a planar shock wave of moderate strength and subsequently reshocked. The present work is a systematic study of the influence of the relative molecular weights of the gases in the form of the initial Atwood ratio A. We investigate the cases A= ± 0.21, ±0.67 and ±0.87 that correspond to...

light is never being distributed homogeneously and it forms a gradient over biomass. the unidirectional nature of light gives rise to a vertical gradient of light intensity as a function of depth. the maximum depth of the light zone suitable for phytoplankton photosynthesis is designated as the euphotic depth. this study was designed to test the hypothesis of mixing depth of phytoplankton and i...

Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) have been performed of three-dimensional, Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) between two incompressible, miscible fluids, with a 3:1 density ratio. Periodic boundary conditions are imposed in the horizontal directions of a rectangular domain, with no-slip top and bottom walls. Solutions are obtained for the Navier-Stokes equations, augmented by a species transp...

Mixing of acid river water containing aluminium (pH 5.1, AI 345 btg.1 "I) with neutral water of a lake (pH 7.0, A173 p.g.1 "~) resulted in water (pH 6.4, A1 245 p.g.l "x) with a pH (6.4) and A1 concentration (245 p.g.1 "l) expected to have low toxicity to fish on the basis of current AI toxicity models. However, under semi-field conditions the freshly mixed water (a few sec. after mixing) prove...

the mixing behavior of the gas-liquid phase in three loop bioreactors was investigated. a gas-induced external airlift loop bioreactor (ealb), a forced-liquid vertical tubular loop bioreactor (vtlb) and a forced-liquid horizontal tubular loop bioreactor (htlb) were used for mixing studies as well as biomass production from natural gas. the effect of design parameters, riser to downcomer cross s...

Under nonlocal convection theory, convection extends without limit therefore no apparent boundary can be defined clearly as in the local theory. From the requirement of a similar structure for both local and non-local models having the same depth of con-vection zone, and taking into account the driving mechanism of turbulent convection, we argue that a proper definition of the boundary of a con...