This study focuses on developing fragility-based seismic vulnerability assessment techniques for seismically retrofitted multi-column bridge bent. Fragility curves are developed using Probabilistic Seismic Demand Model (PSDM) to assess the relative performance of different retrofit methods under near fault ground motions. Two different retrofit techniques namely CFRP jacketing and ECC jacketing...

in recent years, seismic evaluation and vulnerability of the existing buildings, that have been designed based on an earlier seismic design code or designed without seismic design criteria, has been very important. in this paper, the seismic evaluation and vulnerability of concrete buildings, using an old 5- story building with shear walls as an example has been discussed. for this building, fi...

The term ‘Session Fixation vulnerability’ subsumes issues inWeb applications that under certain circumstances enable the adversary to perform a session hijacking attack through controlling the victim’s session identifier value. We explore this vulnerability pattern. First, we give an analysis of the root causes and document existing attack vectors. Then we take steps to assess the current attac...

Understanding the spatial distribution of wave overtopping water behind coastal protection structures is essential for assessing safety level regions defences. The volume determines planning and arrangements critical infrastructures (e.g., railways, roads buildings) in regions. This study presents a series laboratory-scale physical modelling experiments to investigate plain vertical seawall wit...

As part of measures being taken against global warming, the reduction of CO2 emissions by retrofitting for water-saving fittings in homes is spreading throughout the world. However, although this retrofitting reduces the environmental impact at the use stage, it generates new impacts at the production and disposal stages. In addition, there has been little research that discusses the reduction ...

For ranchers in the Southwest, unanticipated droughts pose serious management challenges. Social and economic factors combine with the physical impacts of drought to render ranchers more vulnerable to climate variability. Using agricultural census data and interviews with ranchers, we analyze ranchers’ responses to drought events in 1996 and 1999. From this analysis we develop an initial assess...