In this study, modified starch was used as a fat replacer in the milk. The fat replacer was manufactured from modified starch such as pre-gelatinized and cross–linked starches. Modified starches were manufactured by hydrochloric acid and citric acid treatments from potato and wheat and were added to skim milk at concentrations of 0.15%, 0.30% and 0.45%. Viscosity, total solid, fat content, titr...

the aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters of age at first calving and its relationship with productive traits of holstein dairy cows. a total of 24491 first lactation records (2x 305d) which were collected from 1995 to 2009 were used. the general linear model (glm) procedure was applied to determine effective factors on studied traits. herd-year-season (hys) and age at first calv...

Obesity is a major burden on healthcare systems. Simple, cost effective interventions that encourage healthier behaviours are required. The present study evaluated the efficacy of a salience nudge for promoting a change in milk selection from full-cream to low-fat (lower calorie) in the kitchen of a university-based research institute that provided full-cream and low-fat milk free of charge. Mi...

Ten lactating multiparous Holstein cows were used in a cross-over design with two dietary treatments and 28-d periods (with 14 d as an adaptation) to study the effect of restaurant fat on milk production and composition. Each cow was offered 14.7 kg DM /d of the basal concentrate diet based on barley and corn (crude protein = 17.7%, neutral detergent fiber = 23.5%, and acid detergent fiber = 5....

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of milking frequency (two times daily vs. three times daily) on the 305-d lactation milk, fat and protein yield and fat and protein percentage of Holstein dairy cows in Morocco. Data analyzed were 31400 records collected between 2009 and 2016 on 14272 cows raised in 194 herds. The frequency of milking had significant effects (P<...

Confocal Raman microscopy was used to determine the chemical fingerprint of individual bovine milk fat globules of different sizes and from milk sourced from different breeds. No detectable level of triglycerides was found in the small milk fat globules of 1 mm diameter or less in size. These small fat globules also delivered information about the lipids of the milk fat globule membrane. In add...

BACKGROUND Accurately targeting the nutritional needs of the early preterm infant is challenging when human milk is used due to the natural variation in energy composition. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a simple method for reducing the variation in fat and energy content of human milk prior to fortification such that the infant receives a diet of known composition. MET...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diets containing roasted soybean (R), extruded soybean (E) or their combination (RE) on dairy cow performance and milk fatty acid (FA) profile. Nine multiparous lactating Holstein cows (680 ± 25 kg BW; 90 ± 10 DIM; means ± SD) were randomly assigned to a triple 3 × 3 Latin square design. Dry matter intake (DMI), apparent nutrient dige...