Methods We compare three methods: (1) the Stevens method, which uses the average range size of all species within each elevational band (100-m bands); (2) the midpoint method, which uses the average range size of species whose midpoints occur in each elevational band; and (3) a quartile method that examines the distribution of only the smallest ranges (less than one-quarter of the mountain heig...

Travel time estimation is a critical ingredient for transportation management and traveler information—both infrastructure-based and in-vehicle. Infrastructure managers and operators are interested in estimating optimal freeway sensor density for new construction and retrofits. Focusing on freeway travel time estimation for display on roadside variable message signs, this paper describes a conc...

In this work, we suggest a general viscosity implicit midpoint rule for nonexpansive mapping in the framework of Hilbert space. Further, under certain conditions imposed on sequence parameters, strong convergence theorem is proved by generated proposed iterative scheme, which, addition, unique solution variational inequality problem. Furthermore, provide some applications to inequalities, Fredh...

This paper introduces an approach to fitting a constrained linear regression model to interval-valued data. Each example of the learning set is described by a feature vector for which each feature value is an interval. The new approach fits a constrained linear regression model on the midpoints and range of the interval values assumed by the variables in the learning set. The prediction of the ...

Some sharp trapezoid and midpoint type inequalities for Lipschitzian bifunctions defined on a closed disk in Euclidean sense are obtained by the use of polar coordinates. Also, whose partial derivative is considered. A new presentation Hermite-Hadamard inequality convex function its reverse given. Furthermore, two mappings H <mf...

The implicit midpoint rules are employed as a powerful numerical technique, and in this article we attend class of viscosity iteration approximations on hierarchical problems for the double rules. We prove strong convergence theorem to unique solution problem technique is established under some favorable conditions imposed control parameters Hilbert spaces. Furthermore, propose applications con...