This review article investigates a comprehensive description of the factors, methods, strategies, approaches and prerequisites influencing in vitro micropaopagation and the amount of their use across the world. The findings presented here are the results of the study of several hundred papers published all over the world. Tissue culture techniques are routinely used for micropropagation. Enhanc...

this review article investigates a comprehensive description of the factors, methods, strategies, approaches and prerequisites influencing in vitro micropaopagation and the amount of their use across the world. the findings presented here are the results of the study of several hundred papers published all over the world. tissue culture techniques are routinely used for micropropagation. enhanc...

Binary m ixtures of 0± 20% cows’ m ilk with ewes’ m ilk, 0± 20% cows’ m ilk with goats’ m ilk, and 0± 5% cow s’ m ilk with goats’ m ilk were subjected to pyrolysis mass spectrometry (PyMS). For an alysis of the pyrolysis mass sp ectra so as to determ ine the p ercentage adulteration of either caprine or ov ine m ilk w ith bov ine m ilk, par tial least-squares regression (PLS), p rincipal com po...

part, based on a local decision. This approach has several We present a class of PDE-based algorithms suitable for key virtues. First, it contains only one enhancement paramimage denoising and enhancement. The techniques are applicaeter, which in most cases is automatically chosen. Second, ble to both salt-and-pepper gray-scale noise and full-image the scheme automatically picks the stopping cr...

We consider the requirements of online learning|learning which must be done in-crementally and in realtime, with the results of learning available soon after each new example is acquired. Despite the abundance of methods for learning from examples, there are few that can be used eeectively for on-line learning, e.g., as components of reinforcement learning systems. Most of these few, including ...

Frequency domain generalization in complex valued neural networks is analyzed The complex valued neu ral networks consist of variable delay lines neural connection conductance and complex neuron nonlinearity The learning of frequency pro les is realized by adjusting the delay time and the conductance using backprop agation process The information geometry is discussed for obtaining a parameter ...

Artificial neuron An artificial neuron is a mathematical 18 function that simulates in a simplified form the func19 tions of biological neurons. Usually, an artificial neu20 ron has four computational functions, namely receives 21 signals through input connections from other neurons 22 or from the environment, sums the input signals, ap23 plies a nonlinear functions (transfer function or activa...

We discuss a methodology for analyzing the testability of large hierarchical RTL designs, based upon the existence of module reachability paths, suitable for automatically deriving globally applicable test from locally generated vectors. Such reachability paths utilize module transparency behavior, as captured by the introduced channel transparency definition. Lack of transparency and unreachab...

Voids and cracks often occur in the interconnect lines of microelec tronic devices They increase the resistance of the circuits and may even lead to a fatal failure Voids may occur inside a single grain but often they appear on the boundary between two grains In this work we model and analyze numerically the migration and evolution of an intergranular void subjected to surface di usion forces a...

In this paper we suggest to use the B formal method to model a protocol dedicated to smart cards. We use a pragmatic approach to prove the dynamic properties of the protocol by using historical variables to express the past. We check manually that those variables have been correctly updated in the different operations. With this approach we can avoid the use of a model checker to verify the dyn...