نتایج جستجو برای: microbial resistance
تعداد نتایج: 472753 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Swarming bacteria move in multicellular groups and exhibit adaptive resistance to multiple antibiotics. Analysis of this phenomenon has revealed the protective power of high cell densities to withstand exposure to otherwise lethal antibiotic concentrations. We find that high densities promote bacterial survival, even in a nonswarming state, but that the ability to move, as well as the speed of ...
The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of microorganisms isolated from blood samples of patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and the rate of their resistance to common administered antibiotics in an Iranian ICU. One-hundred patients with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndromes (SIRS), hospitalized in ICU of Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran, were entered to this cross-...
Toxin-antitoxin systems (TAs) are ubiquitous among bacteria and play a crucial role in the dissemination and evolution of antibiotic resistance, such as maintaining multi-resistant plasmids and inducing persistence formation. Generally, activities of the toxins are neutralised by their conjugate antitoxins. In contrast, antitoxins are more liable to degrade under specific conditions such as str...
The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of microorganisms isolated from blood samples of patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and the rate of their resistance to common administered antibiotics in an Iranian ICU. One-hundred patients with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndromes (SIRS), hospitalized in ICU of Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran, were entered to this cross-...
Antibiotic use in animal farming is one of the main drivers of antibiotic resistance both in animals and in humans. In this paper we propose that one feasible and fair way to address this problem is to tax animal products obtained with the use of antibiotics. We argue that such tax is supported both by (a) deontological arguments, which are based on the duty individuals have to compensate socie...
Understanding how our use of antimicrobial drugs shapes future levels of drug resistance is crucial. Recently, there has been debate over whether an aggressive (i.e., high dose) or more moderate (i.e., lower dose) treatment of individuals will most limit the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria. In this study, we demonstrate how one can understand and resolve these apparently contradictor...
Although antibiotic-resistant pathogens pose a significant threat to human health, the environmental reservoirs of the resistance determinants are still poorly understood. This study reports the detection of resistance genes (ermB, mecA, mupA, qnrA, qnrB and tetL) to antibiotics among certain culturable and unculturable bacteria associated with the marine sponge Petromica citrina. The antimicro...
Ramanan Laxminarayan and Ranjit Roy Chaudhury examine the factors encouraging the emergence of antibiotic resistance in India, the implications nationally and internationally, and what might be done to help.
Antibiotics increase the frequency of resistant bacteria by providing them a competitive advantage over sensitive strains. Here, we develop a versatile assay for differential chemical inhibition of competing microbial strains, and use it to identify compounds that preferentially inhibit tetracycline-resistant relative to sensitive bacteria, thus "inverting" selection for resistance. Our assay d...
This session will focus on the fate and ecotoxicological effects of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance (AR) development and transfer in the environment and implications for human health. Specifically, we use the term antibiotic to include pharmaceutical agents with antibacterial properties. The scope of the session also extends to other chemical agents that can co-select for antibiotic resistan...
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