The main objective of the thesis was to study AA supply of dairy cows fed grass silage based diets with specific emphasis on the impact of changing individual and total AA supplies arising from individual AA supplementations or changes in the diet on milk production and AA utilisation. Mammary AA metabolism was also studied to broaden the understanding of the mechanisms underlying altered lacta...

in this study, the substrate diffusion in an immobilized spherical cell-support aggregate is studied and effects of various parameters are investigated on substrates profile. analyses are performed by using of an analytical solution called the least square method (lsm) and results are compared with numerical solution. the effects of effective diffusion coefficient ( d e ), maximum specific grow...

The research in microbial communities would potentially impact a vast number of applications in "bio"-related disciplines. Large-scale analyses became a clear trend in microbial community studies, thus it is increasingly important to perform efficient and in-depth data mining for insightful biological principles from large number of samples. However, as microbial communities are from different ...

BACKGROUND Analysis of saliva is emerging as a promising tool to diagnose and monitor diseases which makes determination of the salivary microbial profile in different scenarios essential. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of age, periodontal disease, sex, smoking, and medical conditions on the salivary microbial profile. DESIGN A randomly selected sample of 441 individuals was enrolled (51...

Background and Aims: Nosocomial infections cause considerable morbidity and mortality and pose high financial burden on healthcare systems. Although surface contact, surgical incisions, wounds and catheters are responsible for a high percentage of nosocomial infections, bacterial and fungal air contaminations in hospitals have an important role in development of hospital infections. The purpose...

BACKGROUND Depression often coexists with the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) which is characterized by alterations in gut function. There is emerging evidence that the microbial composition (microbiota) of the gut is altered in IBS, but the basis for this is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether the induction of chronic depression results in changes in the colonic fu...

Land use changes strongly impact soil functions, particularly microbial biomass diversity and activity. We hypothesized that the catabolic respiration response of the microbial biomass would differ depending on land use and that these differences would be consistent at the landscape scale. In the present study, we analyzed the catabolic response profile of the soil microbial biomass through sub...

To examine microbial responses to climate change, we used a microarray-based metagenomics tool named GeoChip 4.0 to profile soil microbial functional genes along four sites/elevations of a Tibetan mountainous grassland. We found that microbial communities differed among four elevations. Soil pH, temperature, NH4 (+)-N and vegetation diversity were four major attributes affecting soil microbial ...

To examine soil microbial functional gene diversity and causative factors in tropical rainforests, we used a microarray-based metagenomic tool named GeoChip 5.0 to profile it. We found that high microbial functional gene diversity and different soil microbial metabolic potential for biogeochemical processes were considered to exist in tropical rainforest. Soil available nitrogen was the most as...

Biomass, nucleic acid synthesis, and specific growth rates of the microbial communities were measured throughout a vertical profile of a coastal marine sediment. The microbial biomass, as determined by ATP concentrations, in the sediment-water interface was over twice that measured in the other horizons of a 10-cm profile. Likewise, biomass carbon production, as determined by DNA synthesis, and...