Four Holstein steers (222 kg) with cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum were used in a crossover design experiment to evaluate the energy and protein value of dehydrated poultry excreta (DPE). Dietary treatments contained (DM basis) 4% alfalfa hay, 8% sudangrass hay, 49% flaked barley, 8% cane molasses, 3% yellow grease, .8% urea, 1.4% limestone, .3% mineral salt, and .4% chromic oxide, ...

In this placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover human feeding study, the effects of polydextrose (PDX; 8 g/d) on the colonic microbial composition, immune parameters, bowel habits and quality of life were investigated. PDX is a complex glucose oligomer used as a sugar replacer. The main goal of the present study was to identify the microbial groups affected by PDX fermentation in the colon....

The goal of this study was to examine whether supplemental fructooligosaccharides (FOS) plus mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) influenced immune function and ileal and fecal microbial populations of adult dogs. Eight adult dogs surgically fitted with ileal cannulas were used in a crossover design. Dogs were fed 200 g of a dry, extruded, kibble diet twice daily. At each feeding, dogs were dosed with ...

Prebiotic compounds, such as short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS), have been shown to improve health, welfare, or both, in several species, but few studies have been conducted in horses, despite the sensitivity of their hindgut microflora. We hypothesized that prebiotic oligosaccharides, known to be able to stabilize the intestinal microflora in other species, would be of importance in ho...

Two trials were conducted to evaluate the influence of malic acid supplementation on ruminal fermentation. In Trial 1, six Holstein steers (300 kg) with ruminal cannulas were used in a crossover design experiment to study the influence of malic acid (MA) on ruminal metabolism during glucose-induced lactic acidosis. Treatments consisted of a 77% steam-flaked barley-based finishing diet supplemen...

سخن سردبیر Editorial مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان دوره هجدهم، شهریور 1398، 513-514     مطالعات مورد – همگذری (Case Crossover Studies)   محسن رضائیان[1]   M. Rezaeian   مطالعات مورد - همگذری (Case Crossover Studies) به ویژه برای مشخص کردن تأثیر زودگذر مواجهه بر روی رخداد یک بیماری حاد، مناسب است. در این طراحی، به جای آن‌که یک گروه مجزا برای کنترل انتخاب  شود، هر مورد در نقش کنترل ...

BACKGROUND Workers in modern office buildings frequently have unexplained work-related symptoms or combinations of symptoms. We assessed whether ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) of drip pans and cooling coils within ventilation systems of office buildings would reduce microbial contamination, and thus occupants' work-related symptoms. METHODS We undertook a double blind, multiple cro...

We explored the assembly of intestinal microbiota in healthy male participants during the randomized crossover design of run-in (5 day) and experimental phases (21-day normoxic bed rest (NBR), hypoxic bed rest (HBR) and hypoxic ambulation (HAmb) in a strictly controlled laboratory environment, with balanced fluid and dietary intakes, controlled circadian rhythm, microbial ambiental burden and 2...

As a fundamental operator in genetic algorithms (GAs), crossover may not only make an existing schema survive, but also construct a new one from other existing schemata. Unfortunately, the existing schema theorems do not exactly quantify the positive effects of schema construction by a crossover. Consequently, they cannot well characterize the evolution of a schema. In this paper, a new ternary...