PURPOSE To examine differences in peripheral vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 (IL6) and cortisol concentrations between patients with both visceral obesity and metabolic syndrome, and lean controls. In a subsample of metabolic patients underwent abdominal surgery, the adipokine concentrations were measured in venous blood from the omentum to determine information on some...

Circadian clocks that comprise clock genes exist throughout the body and control daily physiological events. The central clock that dominates activity rhythms is entrained by light/dark cycles, whereas peripheral clocks regulating local metabolic rhythms are determined by feeding/fasting cycles. Nutrients reset peripheral circadian clocks and the local clock genes control downstream metabolic p...

High consumption of fructose has paralleled an explosion in metabolic disorders including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Even more problematic, sustained is perceived as a threat for brain function development neurological disorders. The action on peripheral organs excellent model to understand how systemic physiology impacts the brain. Given recognized liver metabolism, here we discuss mechanism...

Atypical antipsychotic drugs such as Olanzapine induce weight gain and metabolic changes associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. The mechanisms underlying the metabolic side-effects of these centrally acting drugs are still unknown to a large extent. We compared the effects of peripheral (intragastric; 3 mg/kg/h) versus central (intracerebroventricular; 30 µg/kg/h) administration of...

Energy balance of the body is determined mainly by the function of various hypothalamic and brainstem nuclei, according to a complex interaction between the regulation of body temperature (actual metabolic rate vs. heat loss) and regulation of body weight (metabolic rate vs. food intake). The direct effect of central anabolic neuropeptides (neuropeptide Y, orexins, melanin concentrating hormone...

background: by increasing the survival of immature newborns, intravenous access methods, used to provide intravenous therapy, became more important. more attention has been recently paid on peripherally inserted central venous catheters in newborns, although it is yet unknown in iran. in this study, we tried to discover the barriers to spread the usage of peripherally inserted central venous ca...

Aging is related to several changes in metabolic rates and metabolism control unfolding at different level, from cell-autonomous dysfunctions to altered homeostatic manteinance of energy balance. The formers have been consistely linked to the dysfunction of mitochondria; on the other hand, the latter seems to be related to altered senstivity or function of hypothalamic nuclei. In normal aging, ...

Strong correlations have been made between high levels of blood cholesterol and the risk to suffer Alzheimer's disease (AD). The question arises on how a peripheral event contributes to a disease that so severely affects the integrity and function of the Central Nervous System. Hypercholesterolemia has been also associated to peripheral metabolic disorders like diabetes, obesity or atherosclero...

abstract background: “polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder associated with ovulatory dysfunction”. “autonomic and central nervous systems play important roles in the regulation of ovarian physiology”. the noradrenergic nucleus locus coeruleus (lc) plays a central role in the regulation of the sympathetic nervous system and synaptically connected to the ...