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Depletion of Nb relative to K and La is characteristic of lavas in subduction-related magmatic arcs, as distinct from mid-ocean ridge basalts. Nb depletion is also characteristic of the continental crust. This and other geochemical similarities between the continental crust and high-Mg# andesite magmas found in arcs suggests that the continental crust may have formed by accretion of andesites. ...

-The proposed method is a modification of one by Alexiades and Jackson (1965). Calcium exchange capacity (CaEC) and potassium exchange capacity (KEC) are determined, after removal of organic matter and free iron oxides, by saturating the exchange complex with centrifuge washings of pH 7 acetate solutions of Ca or K, respectively. Excess salt in solutions remaining in contact with the soil after...

Palladium, platinum, and gold were analyzed for 20 interstitial water samples from Leg 125. No Pd or Pt was detected in fluids from serpentinite muds from Conical Seamount in the Mariana forearc, indicating that low-temperature seawater-peridotite interaction does not mobilize these elements into the serpentinizing fluids to levels above 0.10 parts per billion (ppb) in solution. However, Au may...