Abstract Soy flour can be substituted in polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI) resin for bonding plywood. Resin bleed-through is avoided by prepressing at 95°C. The boards have greater wet and dry strength than do those prepared from melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) resin. also emulsion polymer isocyanates cold-press applications. soy increases but keeps the unchanged. optimal level of ...

Urea-formaldehyde resins modified by melamine were synthesized by four catalysts (H2SO4, HCl, H3PO4, and NaOH/NH4OH) with a F/U/M molar ratio of 1.38/1/0.074. Resin structure and thermal behavior were studied by C-NMR and DSC techniques. For H2SO4, HCl, and H3PO4 catalysts, resins were prepared by two stage pH adjustment: the first pH stage was set at 1.25 (H3PO4 pH 1.60) and second pH stage wa...

Abstract Bamboo tableware became popular as ecofriendly material. However, industrial products made of bamboo-melamine–formaldehyde resin material are not biodegradable. In addition, harmful compounds were detected if such consumer articles used with hot drinks or food, and risk assessment found that maximum daily dosages melamine formaldehyde exceeded. High-performance thin-layer chromatograph...

This paper reports a comparison of adhesion behavior urea-formaldehyde (UF) with those melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MU) resins in bonding wood by analyzing the results published literatures. For this purpose, UF prepared blending low-viscosity resin (LVR) high-viscosity (HVR) at five different and two formaldehyde/urea (F/U) molar ratios (1.0 1.2) was compared MUF synthesized either simultaneous...

this paper reports on formaldehyde exposure and its health hazards in a melamine manufacturing industry. the mean of workers' exposure was measured according to 3500 njosh and was found to be 1.44±o.2l, and 2. 17±o.24 ppm in morning and evening shifts, respectively. for stationary ones it was 1.37±o.20, and 2.06±o.25ppm, respectively. the results show that formaldehyde concentration at the...

This paper reports on formaldehyde exposure and its health hazards in a melamine manufacturing industry. The mean of workers' exposure was measured according to 3500 NJOSH and was found to be 1.44±O.2l, and 2. 17±O.24 ppm in morning and evening shifts, respectively. For stationary ones it was 1.37±O.20, and 2.06±O.25ppm, respectively. The results show that formaldehyde concentration at the...