use in restriction-enzyme analysis. This procedure is cost-effective because it saves the use of expensive miniprep kits for use with only positively identified recombinant clones and limits typically time-consuming miniprep steps. Our method can be accomplished in a few minutes in two microcentrifuge tubes with minimal enzyme, expense, no phenol/chloroform extractions and no ethanol precipitat...

tion of the cystic fibrosis gene: chromosome walking and jumping. Science 245:1059-1065. 5.Tsui, L.C. 1992. Mutations and sequence variations detected in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene: a report from the Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium. Hum. Mutat. 1:197-203. 6.Ballabio, A., R.A. Gibbs, and C.T. Caskey. 1990. PCR test for cystic fibrosis deletion...

Monocotyledonous crop plants are usually more resistant to herbicides than grass weeds and most dicots. Their resistance to herbicides is mediated in many cases by P450 oxygenases. Monocots thus constitute an appealing source of P450 enzymes for manipulating herbicide resistance and recombinant forms of the major xenobiotic metabolizing mooxygenases are potential tools for the optimization of n...

Directed evolution methods were developed for Cu-containing nitrite reductase (NiR) from Alcaligenes faecalis S-6. The PCR cloning strategy allows for the efficient production of libraries of 100 000 clones by a modification of a megaprimer-based whole-plasmid synthesis reaction. The high-throughput screen includes colony lift onto a nylon membrane and subsequent lysis of NiR-expressing colonie...

In the last several years, the use of double-stranded DNA templates together with thermostable-polymerase PCR has essentially replaced the use single-stranded DNA templates using the thermolabile polymerase for in vitro mutagenesis. Numerous PCR methods are now available, such as overlap-extension PCR, megaprimer PCR, and inverse PCR. All these PCR methods are reliable, effective, and convenien...

We have developed a novel three-primer, one-step PCR-based method for site-directed mutagenesis. This method takes advantage of the fact that template plasmid DNA cannot be efficiently denatured at its reannealing temperature (T(ra)), which is otherwise a troublesome problem in regular PCR. Two flanking primers and one mutagenic primer with different melting temperatures (T(m)) are used togethe...

The 'sandwich' binding format, which uses two reagents that can bind simultaneously to a given analyte, is the gold standard in diagnostics and many biochemical techniques. One of the bottlenecks in creating a sandwich assay is identifying pairs of reagents that bind non-competitively to the target. To bridge this gap, we invented Megaprimer Shuffling for Tandem Affinity Reagents (MegaSTAR) to ...

The alteration of a specific sequence of DNA using site-directed mutagenesis (SDM) provides an effective tool to probe the structure and function of gene products. With the advent of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), several new techniques were developed that facilitate SDM. An oligonucleotide containing mismatches at the desired site of mutation is used to generate a population of mutant fragme...

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