The propagation of electromagnetic radiation in free-space is described by the source-free Maxwells equations. In contrast to conventional solutions such as infinite-energy plane waves and Gaussian pulses, there exists a family of exact solutions which represent localised transmission of finite electromagnetic energy [1]. One such solution is known as the Focused Doughnut (FD) pulse a peculiar ...

in this article, we study the analytical solutions of different parabolic heat equations with different boundaryconditions in the form of multi-term fractional differential equations. then we compare these analytical solutions with numerical finite difference methods. this comparison demonstrates the accuracy of the analytical and numerical methods presented here.

this paper presents a class of theoretical and iterative method for linear partial differential equations. an algorithm and analytical solution with a initial condition is obtained using the reduced differential transform method. in this technique, the solution is calculated in the form of a series with easily computable components. there test modeling problems from mathematical mechanic, physi...

the index of matrix a in cn.n is equivalent to the dimension of largest jor-dan block corresponding to the zero eigenvalue of a. in this paper, indicialequations and normal equations for solving inconsistent singular linear systemof equations are investigated.

in this paper, we prove the existence and uniqueness results to the random fractional functional differential equations under assumptions more general than the lipschitz type condition. moreover, the distance between exact solution and appropriate solution, and the existence extremal solution of the problem is also considered.

solitary wave solutions to the broer-kaup equations and approximate long water wave equa-tions are considered challenging by using the rst integral method.the exact solutions obtainedduring the present investigation are new. this method can be applied to nonintegrable equa-tions as well as to integrable ones.

in this paper, we study rst order linear fuzzy dierential equations with fuzzy coecient and initial value. we use the generalized dierentiability concept and apply the exponent matrix to present the general form of their solutions. finally, one example is given to illustrate our results.

in this paper, an effective numerical method is introduced for the treatment of nonlinear two-dimensional volterra-fredholm integro-differential equations. here, we use the so-called two-dimensional block-pulse functions.first, the two-dimensional block-pulse operational matrix of integration and differentiation has been presented. then, by using this matrices, the nonlinear two-dimensional vol...