The Mantel-Haenszel test is the most frequent asymptotic test used for analyzing stratified 2 × 2 tables. Its exact alternative is the test of Birch, which has recently been reconsidered by Jung. Both tests have a conditional origin: Pearson’s chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test, respectively. But both tests have the same drawback that the result of global test (the stratified test) may no...

The Mantel-Haenszel test is the most frequent asymptotic test used for analyzing stratified 2 × 2 tables. Its exact alternative is the test of Birch, which has recently been reconsidered by Jung. Both tests have a conditional origin: Pearson's chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test, respectively. But both tests have the same drawback that the result of global test (the stratified test) may no...

In order to determine the occurrence of endometriosis in patients with uterine myoma and in those with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) compared to controls, 540 infertile patients were fIrst divided into two age groups of 20-29 and 30-39. Then each group was subdivided to patients with 1) uterine myoma, 2) PCOD, and 3) no uterine myoma or PCOD (control subgroup). The occurrence of endomet...

As part of test score validity, differential item functioning (DIF) is a quantitative characteristic used to evaluate potential item bias. In applications where a small number of examinees take a test, statistical power of DIF detection methods may be affected. Researchers have proposed modifications to DIF detection methods to account for small focal group examinee sizes for the case when item...

Likelihood ratio (LR) tests for association and for interaction are examined for three-way contingency tables, in particular, the widely used 2 2 K tables. Mutual information identities are used to characterize the information decomposition and the logical relations between the omnibus LR test for conditional independence across K strata and its two independent components, the LR tests for homo...

AIM To analyze genetic alterations of p53 gene in Slovenian gastric cancer patients and to compare these alterations with clinicopathological parameters in order to assess the value of p53 as a prognostic factor. METHODS We analyzed the samples from 230 Slovenian patients with gastric cancer, collected between 1983 and 2001. p53 expression was evaluated immunohistochemically with DO-7 monoclo...

Bioinformatics sample summaries often involve distances or the conversion of similarities to dissimilarities, while Procrustes methods can proceed either via distances or via the shape coordinates underlying those distances. There is a distance–distance statistical method, currently increasing in popularity in some of my applications domains, that is at once simple, intuitive, and quite wronghe...

In macroevolutionary studies, different approaches are commonly used to measure phylogenetic signal--the tendency of related taxa to resemble one another--including the K statistic and the Mantel test. The latter was recently criticized for lacking statistical power. Using new simulations, we show that the power of the Mantel test depends on the metrics used to define trait distances and phylog...