To maintain the sustainable utilization of water resources and reduce soil erosion in the Loess Plateau, the Chinese government has adopted a number of environmental restoration strategies since 1999, including the Grain for Green Project (GFGP) and the Natural Forest Conservation Program; these large projects greatly alter the regional water cycle. Detecting runoff changes and quantitatively a...

It is obvious that the success of a project-based organization is dependent on its projects. A variety of tools such as the project excellence model, project management maturity models, the earned value method, have been developed in this regard, but there are still delays in projects because the projects have dynamic nature with non-linear relationships and feedback processes during the projec...

Adaptive management is a form of structured decision making designed to guide management of natural resource systems when their behaviors are uncertain. Where decision making can be replicated across units of a landscape, learning can be accelerated, and biological processes can be understood in a larger spatial context. Broad-based partnerships among land management agencies, exemplified by La...

the proposition that natural areas need protection from the destructive actions of people iswidely accepted. this paper examines iran’s e-society attitudes and capital towards biodiversity conservationand evaluates economically iran’s national parks (nps). 2,121 respondents answered an online questionnaire conducted in summer 2012. the majority of respondents had visited one of iran’s nps. almo...

In the Indian development policy context there is increasing concern about why community-based natural resource management projects fail to achieve their expected levels of equity or sustainability (Saint, 1995; Kerr, 1996). Such community-based approaches are themselves a departure from earlier policies which tended to be based solely on state priorities, treating natural resource management a...

renewable natural resources are national capital and are of paramount importance in each country. preservation and developing these resources is incumbent upon relevant institutions and all people especially the beneficiaries. in this regard, various approaches have been recommended for optimum use and sustainable preservation of natural resources especially rangelands among which co-management...

customer knowledge management (ckm) has been a subject of much attention in recent years. the attractiveness of this subject is the result of its benefits for organizations; but despite the benefits of ckm implementation, many projects aimed at implementing ckm in organizations fail due to companies’ negligence with respect to its implementation factors. meanwile the majority of organizations u...