All steels contain some amount of dissolved gases such as oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen of which nitrogen is effective in improving the mechanical and corrosion properties of stainless steels if it remains in solid solution or precipitates as very fine and coherent nitrides or carbo-nitrides with iron or alloying elements. When nitrogen is added to austenitic steels it can simultaneously improv...

The magnetic and mechanical properties of soft magnetic powder composites (SMC) have been recently significantly improved. Within the project “Design and analysis of an electric motor based on new material components (SMC)” Daimler AG, the Institute of Electrical Engineering (ETI) at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and PMG Füssen GmbH examined and evaluated the use of soft magnetic ...

Magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) is a phenomenon where acoustic noise is generated due to the motion of non-180 ° magnetic domain walls in a ferromagnet with non-zero magnetostrictive constants. MAE has been studied extensively for many years [1-5] and has even been applied as an NDE tool for characterizing the heat treatment of high-yield low carbon steels [6-8]. A complete theory which fully ac...

There is an urgent need for more durable and cost-effective bearing and gear steels for wind turbine applications; yet we are still using traditional steels such as 8620 and 52100 steels, which are inexpensive and have high strength. However, higher corrosion resistance is required for marine application of wind turbines. Our research group developed under NSF funding a series of high strength ...

the term nanosteels is called to some special steels consisting of nanosize phases (i.e. ferrite, cementite, and austenite), grains, and carbides (e.g. vanadium and m2c) produced by nanotechnology. it is proof that exotic physical, mechanical, and magnetic properties can be obtained from nanostructured steels. fabrication methods of nanostructure steels can be divided into two main categories, ...

This article presents an up-to-date magnetic material investigation and overview on magnetic materials used in rotating electrical machines. The focus is on small to mediumsized high-performance and high-efficiency permanent-magnet and induction motors for different application scenarios. The investigated materials include fully processed silicon-iron, nickeliron, and cobalt-iron lamination ste...

There are important aspects of steel which are hidden from ordinary view and largely from the users of steels. They nevertheless determine the macroscopic behaviour. One example is that the magnetic properties of austenite determine that it has a larger thermal expansion coefficient than ferrite, whereas intuition would suggest otherwise given that austenite has a greater density. This and othe...

In this study, some mechanical properties of borided and unborided four steels were investigated. Boronizing of steels was performed by powder pack method at 1210 K for 4 h. The hardness of borides, boride layer thickness and room temperature tensile properties were measured and it was observed that hardness and tensile properties strongly depend on chemical composition of steels. In addition, ...

A computational approach to the optimization of fracture resistance of multiphase materials (here high speed steels) by varying their microstructure is presented. The main points of the optimization of steels are as folIows: (1) development and verification of the model: numerical simulation of crack initiation and growth in real microstructures of steels, (2) computational experiment: simulati...