A W: B4C multilayer phase retarder has been designed and characterized which shows a nearly constant phase retardance between 640 and 850 eV photon energies when operated near the Bragg condition. This freestanding transmission multilayer was used successfully to determine, for the first time, the full polarization vector at soft x-ray energies above 600 eV, which was not possible before due to...

We report an approach to altering the magnetic properties of 111 textured Co/Pt multilayer films grown on sapphire 0001 substrates in a controlled way using single-pulse laser irradiation. The as-grown films reveal a strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy induced by interfacial anisotropy. We show that laser irradiation can chemically mix the multilayer structure particularly at the interface...

– We investigated the pinning of flux lines in a superconducting film by a regular array of magnetic antidots. The sample consists of a Co/Pt multilayer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in which a regular pattern of submicron holes is introduced and which is covered by a type-II superconducting Pb film. The resulting ferromagnetic/superconducting heterostructure shows a pronounced asymmet...

Co/Ni multilayers display perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and have applications in magnetic devices that could lead to a large increase in the density of magnetic storage. Co/Ni 10-(2 A Co/ 8A Ni) and 10-(2 A Co/ 4A Ni) multilayers were deposited with ion beam sputtering on either ion beam sputtered copper or direct current magnetron sputtered gold buffer layers of various thicknesses. The ef...

X-ray diffraction measurements were performed on Co?Pt1-?/Pd, Co/Pd, Co/Fe, and Co/W multilayer samples with different structures, such as Co?Pt1-? alloy layer composition ?, bilayer thickness, and number of bilayers. Multilayer samples were made by magnetron sputtering in a chamber with multi-parallel guns and a position controllable substrate. Co?Pt1-? alloy layers were deposited by cosputter...

We report the first observation of linear magnetoresistance (LMR) in multilayer epitaxial graphene grown on SiC. We show that multilayer epitaxial graphene exhibits large LMR from 2.2 K up to room temperature and that it can be best explained by a purely quantum mechanical model. We attribute the observation of LMR to inhomogeneities in the epitaxially grown graphene film. The large magnitude o...

The combination of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) with ultrasonic contrast agent (UCA) microbubble is called magnetic (MMB) and has been used to produce multimodal agents enhance medical ultrasound resonance imaging. are either covalently linked the shell or physically entrapped into shell. Considering effect volume fraction SPIOs on density viscosity, a nonlinear dynamic eq...

The correlations between structure and magnetism in @Co(0.9 nm!/Au(5 nm)#3N multilayer films with different number of repetitions N510, 30, and 50, have been studied by the combined use of complementary structural and magnetic techniques, such as x-ray reflectivity, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy, alternating gradient force magnetometry, magnetic force microscopy and Br...

The layer-averaged magnetic moments of Co and Rh have been measured in sputter deposited Co/Rh ~001! multilayer thin films using the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. The Rh moments were measured at both the L and M absorption edges, where we find that the Rh moment decreases as a function of increasing Rh layer thickness (tRh). The decline of the layer-averaged Rh moment is well described in ...

Perpendicular exchange-biased and multilayers have been fabricated, changing the thickness of the cobalt that is next to the IrMn layer. The crystal structure, interface roughness and magnetic properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray reflectivity (XRR), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and extraordinary Hall Effect (EHE). The multilayers are flat, and the roughness is about ...