Smoking is associated with lung inflammation and a protease-antiprotease imbalance. We previously reported that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) stimulates human lung fibroblasts to release chemotactic cytokines. We hypothesized that serine protease inhibitors might modulate lung fibroblast release of chemotactic cytokines in response to CSE. To test this hypothesis, serine protease inhibitors (FK...

The present study was designed to examine the effects of lifestyle modification on key contributing factors to atherogenesis, including oxidative stress, inflammation, chemotaxis, and cell adhesion. Obese men (n = 31), 15 of whom had metabolic syndrome, were placed on a high-fiber, low-fat diet in a 3-wk residential program where food was provided ad libitum and daily aerobic exercise was perfo...

Macrophage infiltration into inflammatory sites is generally preceded by neutrophils. This suggests neutrophils may be the source of chemotactic factors for monocytes. To identify these putative monocyte attractants, we have systematically prepared neutrophil granules, lysed them, and sequentially purified the released proteins by several reverse phase chromatography procedures. Assays for mono...

The transcriptional co-regulator Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator with Glu/Asp-rich carboxy-terminal domain-2 (CITED2) may promote breast tumor growth; however, the mechanisms by which its effects are mediated remain to be fully elucidated. Tumor-associated macrophages serve an important function in tumor development and progression and are recruited by chemotactic factors produced by cells ...

Chemotaxis by human monocytes has been shown to require methylation mediated by S-adenosyl-L-methionine(AdoMet), but the specific transmethylation reaction necessary for this function was not elucidated. In an attempt to define the methylation requirement for chemotaxis, we examined the effect of chemotactic agonists and antagonists on protein carboxy-O-methylation of protein and methylation of...

Chronic inflammation contributes to an increased risk for developing chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. A high "inflammatory load" is defined as elevated inflammation markers in blood or other tissues. We evaluated several markers of systemic inflammation from healthy adults and tested the hypothesis that two formulations of encapsulated fruit and vegetable...

To investigate the effects of probucol on macrophage chemotaxis, we preincubated mouse peritoneal macrophages with probucol for 20 hours in vitro and using a modified Boyden chamber system compared their chemotactic responses with those of control macrophages that were preincubated with vehicle. Probucol pretreatment enhanced the macrophage chemotactic responses to zymosan-activated serum, acet...

Sensitized lymphocytes were incubated in vitro with the specific antigen Supernatants from these cultures were chromatographed on Sephadex G-100 columns. Supernatant fractions containing MIF, chemotactic factor, and lymphotoxin, but free of antigen and antibody, were incubated with normal peritoneal exudate macrophages. Macrophage adherence, phagocytosis, spreading, motility, and direct hexose ...

In the early development of atherosclerotic plaque, monocytes are recruited to the arterial intima where they accumulate lipid and become foam cells. The recently described murine chemotactic S100 protein, CP-10, may have an important role in this process. Intraperitoneal injection of CP-10(42-55) (chemotactic hinge region peptide) into mice caused a sustained leukocyte recruitment with a sixfo...