Dietary restriction (DR) without malnutrition is widely regarded to be a universal mechanism for prolonging lifespan. It is generally believed that the benefits of DR arise from eating fewer calories (termed caloric restriction, CR). Here we argue that, rather than calories, the key determinant of the relationship between diet and longevity is the balance of protein to non-protein energy ingest...

The purpose of the present study was to estimate and compare the effects of macronutrient composition (relative portions of macronutrients) and of non-macronutrient components (e.g. water and fibre) on energy density (energy per unit weight) of the diets of human subjects. We used standard macronutrient energy content values to develop a simple conceptual model and equation for energy density i...

Objective(s): There are controversial results regarding the effect of the interaction of CETP polymorphisms with dietary fats on the lipid profiles. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of CETP polymorphisms (rs5882 and rs3764261) and macronutrient intakes interaction in relation to metabolic syndrome (MetS) or its components.Materials and Methods: In this nested case-control study, ...

Title: NUTRIENT LIMITATION AND ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR PERFORMANCE AND THE HOMEOSTATIC REGULATION OF MACRONUTRIENT COMPOSITION IN TWO PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS WITH DIVERGENT LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES Andrea F. Huberty, Ph.D., 2005 Directed By: Professor Robert F. Denno, Department of Entomology Insect herbivores have a decidedly higher nitrogen and phosphorus than their host plants, an elemental mismatc...

1. Clinical malnutrition is a heterogenous group of disorders including macronutrient deficiencies leading to body cell mass depletion and micronutrient deficiencies, and these often coexist with infectious and inflammatory processes and environmental problems. 2. There is good evidence that specific micronutrients influence immunity, particularly zinc and vitamin A. Iron may have both benefici...

Between 1999-2000 and 2009-2010, the prevalence of obesity increased among boys, but not among girls. There was no change however, in the prevalence of obesity between 2007-2008 and 2009-2010 for either boys or girls (1). It is unclear if the changes in the prevalence of obesity were associated with corresponding changes in energy and macronutrient intakes in children and adolescents during thi...

The effect of dietary macronutrient composition on adipokine concentrations remains unclear. Greater reductions in leptin have been reported in participants who followed low-carbohydrate versus low-fat diets, although these studies did not adjust for the important effects of weight loss on adipokines. We investigated the effect of macronutrient composition on adipokine levels in 144 obese, diab...

It is increasingly clear that parental environment can play an important role in determining offspring phenotype. These "transgenerational effects" have been linked to many different components of the environment, including toxin exposure, infection with pathogens and parasites, temperature and food quality. In this study, we focus on the latter, asking how variation in the quantity and quality...