Objective: In patients with diabetes mellitus, increased rate of lipoprotein oxidation and oxidative stress have important role in diabetic angiopathy, including nephropathy. We designed a study for comparing the level of Ox-LDL in diabetic patients with Macro-albuminuria, Micro-albuminuria, versus Normo-albuminuric. Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirty five patients with type 2 dia...

Chemistry knowledge can be represented at macro-, microand symbolic levels, and learning a chemistry topic requires students to engage in multiple representational activities. This study focused on scaffolding for inter-level connection-making in learning chemistry knowledge with graphical simulations. We also tested whether different sequences of representational activities produced different ...

Framed in Farahzad’s (2009) critical discourse analysis (CDA) model, the present research aimed at analyzing these influences in two Persian translations of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland at micro and macro levels. To do so, the textual features at micro-level, while the constituent aspects about the translated texts at macro-level were examined. As to the micro-level analysis, it was found t...

We propose a layout algorithm for micro/macro graphs, i.e. relational structures with two levels of detail. While the micro-level graph is given, the macro-level graph is induced by a given partition of the micro-level vertices. A typical example is a social network of employees organized into different departments. We do not impose restrictions on the macro-level layout other than sufficient t...

Agent based models are often described as bottom-up. Macro level phenomena emerge from the micro level interactions of agents. These macro level phenomena include fixed points, dynamic patterns, and long transients. In this paper, I explore the link between micro level characteristics – learning rules, diversity, network structure, and externalities – and the macro level patterns they produce. ...

Agent based models are often described as bottom-up. Macro level phenomena emerge from the micro level interactions of agents. These macro level phenomena include fixed points, dynamic patterns, and long transients. In this paper, I explore the link between micro level characteristics – learning rules, diversity, network structure, and externalities – and the macro level patterns they produce. ...

Macro-level models is the dominating type of freight transport analysis models for supporting the decision-making in public authorities. Recently, also agent-based models have been used for this purpose. These two model types have complementing characteristics: macro-level models enable to study large geographic regions in low level of detail, whereas agent-based models enable to study entities...