PURPOSE A magnetic resonance imaging method is presented that allows for the simultaneous assessment of oxygen delivery, oxygen uptake, and parenchymal density. The technique is applied to a mouse model of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) induced lung emphysema in order to investigate how structural changes affect lung function. METHOD Nine-week-old female C57BL6 mice were instilled with sal...

Acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammatory condition culminating in respiratory failure. There is currently no effective pharmacological treatment. Nitrated fatty acids (NFAs) have been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects. We therefore hypothesized that delivery of NFAs directly to the site of inflammation would reduce the severity of ALI. Pulmonary delivery of 10-nitro-oleate following en...

Reversing pathologic alterations in vascular microRNA (miRNA) expression represents a potential therapeutic strategy for pulmonary hypertension. While polyethylenimine (PEI) has previously been shown to be an effective vehicle for vascular lung-directed delivery of plasmid DNA, it remains unclear whether this utility is generalizable to miRNAs. Here we show that despite elevated lung levels, th...

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Radiotherapy is one of the main treatment modalities of lung cancer. However, the achievable accuracy of radiotherapy treatment is limited for lung-based tumors due to respiratory motion. Four-dimensional (4D) radiotherapy explicitly accounts for anatomic motion by characterizing the motion, creating a treatment plan that acco...

Respiratory disease studies typically involve the use of murine models as surrogate systems. However, there are significant physiologic differences between the murine and human respiratory systems, especially in their upper respiratory tracts (URT). In some models, these differences in the murine nasal cavity can have a significant impact on disease progression and presentation in the lower res...

alpha-1antitrypsin (a1at) deficiency, an inherited disorder, has been shown to be the cause of lung diseases such as emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. one of the treatment strategies to provide appropriate and adequate concentrations of a1at in the lungsis the application of nanoparticles (nps) in pulmonary drug delivery. in the current study, biocompatible nanohydrogels were...

background: inclusion of inhomogeneity corrections in intensity modulated small fields always makes conformal irradiation of lung tumor very complicated in accurate dose delivery. objective: in the present study, the performance of five algorithms via monte carlo, pencil beam, convolution, fast superposition and superposition were evaluated in lung cancer intensity modulated radiotherapy planni...

OBJECTIVE Gene transfer to experimental lung grafts has been shown to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury and acute rejection. The optimal delivery route should produce high lung expression with no inflammation and minimal systemic expression. The goal of this study was to determine the optimal gene transfer route for use in experimental lung transplantation. METHODS F344 rats were injected wi...

The present study was performed to clarify the relation of cause and effect between pleural effusion and hypoplastic lung in the human fetus. In six cases with a duration of less than two weeks between the initial diagnosis of pleural effusion and delivery, lung weights were within the mean weight +/- 1.5 S.D. In fourteen cases with a duration of more than two weeks between diagnosis and delive...

BACKGROUND Some pediatric tracheostomized patients who receive inhaled drugs undergo decannulation, and it is unknown whether the dose has to be adjusted. Pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) and soft mist inhalers (SMIs) used with valved holding chambers (VHCs) made of non-electrostatic material are available. We hypothesized that using an SMI and changing the delivery route from tracheos...