High-energy electron cooling, presently considered as an essential tool for several applications in high-energy and nuclear physics, requires an accurate description of the friction force which ions experience by passing through an electron beam. Present low-energy electron coolers can be used for a detailed study of the friction force. In addition, parameters of a low-energy cooler can be chos...

The purpose of brake is to decelerate a vehicle by transforming the kinetic energy of the vehicle to heat via friction and dissipating that heat to the surroundings. As a part of an automobile, brake materials have additional requirements like resistance to corrosion, light weight, long life, low noise, stable friction, low wear rate and acceptable cost versus performance. Selection of the mate...

Transition metal nitrides like CrN and TiN are widely used in automotive applications due to their high hardness and wear resistance. Recently, we showed that a multilayer architecture of CrN and TiN, deposited using the hybrid-high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) and direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS)-HIPIMS/DCMS deposition technique, results in coatings which indicate not ...

A retrospective study of 44 diabetic patients who, between them, had 62 Charnley low-friction arthroplasties, showed a superficial-infection rate of 9.7 per cent and a deep-infection rate of 5.6 per cent. All the operations were carried out in the Charnley clear-air enclosure and prophylactic antibiotics were not used. A statistically significant increase in the overall rate of infection was fo...

VOLUME XXXIX NUMBER 8 449 The opinions expressed in the Journal of Clinical Orthodontics are those of the writers and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and policies of JCO. Copyright © 2005 JCO, Inc. JCO (USPS 802-120, ISSN 0022-3875) is published monthly for $190 per year (U.S. individual rate) by JCO, Inc., 1828 Pearl St., Boulder, CO 80302-5519. Periodicals postage paid at Boulder, CO,...

Atomically flat and clean metal surfaces exhibit a regime of ultra-low friction at low normal loads. Atomic force microscopy, performed in ultra-high vacuum on Cu(100) and Au(111) surfaces, reveals a clear stick-slip modulation in the lateral force but almost zero dissipation. Significant friction is observed only for higher loads (*4– 6 nN above the pull-off force) together with the onset of w...

The modern active systems and the advanced driver assistance systems have certainly reduced the amount of accidents. However these systems are still lacking one major information, which is the friction between the tyre-road interface. The performance of these systems could be enhanced substantially if this information was known. Rather simple methods can be used to determine the friction coeffi...

This paper presents an experimental research on the distribution of local friction factor, fb, and global friction factor, f, over the cross-section of a channel with V-shaped bottom, which typically occurs in sewers and culverts. Several series of experiments were conducted for measuring velocity and boundary shear stress. It is found that, Darcy-Weisbach, f, is more sensitive than other resis...