conclusions accidents resulting in death, total disability and partial disability impose huge costs that are borne by society, and employers bear relatively low costs due to the health, treatment and welfare systems provided by society for the treatment and rehabilitation of injured workers and their families. also, the results of this study show that investment in the hse-ms is effective and a...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The goals of pituitary tumor resection include normalizing endocrine function, relieving mass effect, and minimizing risk of recurrence. This study investigated current trends in costs and complications for transfrontal and transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review of the 2008-2011 Nationwide Inpatient Sample for patients undergoing pituitary l...

Zambia has one of the most liberal abortion laws in sub-Saharan Africa. However, rates of unsafe abortion remain high with negative health and economic consequences. Little is known about the economic burden on women of abortion care-seeking in low income countries. The majority of studies focus on direct costs (e.g. hospital fees). This article estimates the individual-level economic burden of...

BACKGROUND Few data are available that provide estimates of the economic impact of chronic lower back pain (CLBP) in Japan. The current study estimated the patient burden and the direct and indirect medical costs associated with CLBP in Japan using data from a large cross-sectional patient survey. CLBP was hypothesized to be associated with a considerable burden of illness and a large economic ...

BACKGROUND Antimicrobial stewardship programs have been widely introduced in hospitals as a response to increasing antimicrobial resistance. Although such programs are commonly used, the long-term effects on antimicrobial resistance as well as societal economics are uncertain. METHODS We performed a cost analysis of an antimicrobial stewardship program introduced in Malmö, Sweden in 20 weeks ...

here is a plethora of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) related to low back pain (LBP). Searching PEDro alone yields 96 related hits. Therefore, it is reasonable to ask why we need yet another one.5 The enormity of the problem and our inability to effectively manage it is one reason. LBP alone accounts for 2.5% to 3% of all physician visits annually in the United States,6 with direct healthca...