Health economists often use log models to deal with skewed outcomes, such as health utilization or health expenditures. The literature provides a number of alternative estimation approaches for log models, including ordinary least-squares on ln(y) and generalized linear models. This study examines how well the alternative estimators behave econometrically in terms of bias and precision when the...

in this paper, the effects of scintillation phenomena on bit error rate (ber) and signal to noise ratio (snr), which are essential characteristics in free space optical (fso) communication system, are studied. until now various methods have been introduced to decrease ber and increase the link's reliability. optimizing snr is one of the fundamental methods to decrease ber value. intensity fluct...

Space-variant sensing is the architectural basis of all higher vertebrate visual systems (Schwartz, 1994). One evident motivation for this is that the spacecomplexity of the human visual system is reduced by up to four orders of magnitude (Rojer and Schwartz, 1990) via the use of space-variant architecture (jar a given ratio of field width to maximum resolution). This observation has obvious pr...

ultrasound images suffer of multiplicative noise named speckle. different de-speckling algorithms run either in spatial domain or in transformed domain. in this paper, an adaptive filter in spatial domain according to assume the nakagami distribution as the statistic of log-compressed ultrasound images is used. for de-speckling in transformed domain, the non-sub sampled shearlet transform is us...

Instead of using indicator kriging to estimate discrete versions of cumulative distribution functions, with its order-relation problems, we suggest a compositional approach to the estimation of probability functions. A preliminary Bayesian treatment is needed to obtain estimates of the pdf (without zeroes) at sampled locations, and afterwards an isometric log-ratio transform provides unbounded ...

In this paper we present a new technique for worst-case analysis of compression algorithms which are based on the Burrows-Wheeler Transform. We deal mainly with the algorithm proposed by Burrows and Wheeler in their first paper on the subject [6], called bw0. This algorithm consists of the following three essential steps: 1) Obtain the Burrows-Wheeler Transform of the text, 2) Convert the trans...