F1 hybrid (A X B) rats immunized with parental strain (A) T cells, or which recover from graft-versus-host (GVH) reactions caused by parental T cells, develop strong T cell-mediated immune responses against anti-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) receptor structures on donor T cells specific for host (MHCb) alloantigens. This immune response provides the basis for a profound and specific re...

Malaria parasites are a major cause of human mortality in tropical countries and a potential threat for wildlife, as witnessed by the malaria-induced extinction of naive Hawaiian avifauna. Identifying resistance mechanisms is therefore crucial both for human health and wildlife conservation. Patterns of malaria resistance are known to be highly polygenic in both humans and mice, with marked con...

The evolution of host resistance to parasites, shaped by associated fitness costs, is crucial for epidemiology and maintenance of genetic diversity. Selection imposed by multiple parasites could be a particularly strong constraint, as hosts either accumulate costs of multiple specific resistances or evolve a more costly general resistance mechanism. We used experimental evolution to test how pa...

Host-pathogen coevolution is a major driver of species diversity, with an essential role in the generation and maintenance of genetic variation in host resistance and pathogen infectivity. Little is known about how resistance and infectivity are structured across multiple geographic scales and what eco-evolutionary processes drive these patterns. Across southern Australia, the wild flax Linum m...

The immune system consists of a vast network of lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells, communicating via messenger molecules to create a functional immune system to protect against disease. This network, while interconnected via mediator molecules, contains compartmentalized units especially equipped to defend against insults to the integrity of the immune system. The pulmonary immune system is an exa...

This study provides a comprehensive scientific analysis of contemporary problems resulted from the forced migration of the Ukrainian population and its impact on the sustainable development of 47 host communities of Poltava region. By means of cluster analysis 4 clusters of 26 rural territories were identified. They differ in the size of local budgets and the involvement level of forcedly displ...

Periodontitis is a bacterial initiated but host modulated chronic infection that leads to destruction of the connective tissue supporting the teeth. Immune and inflammatory response directed against specific bacteria and its products become responsible for the local periodontal tissue loss in susceptible persons. Non-surgical therapy has been the mainstay of periodontal management with mechanic...

The recent cloning of plant resistance (R) genes and the sequencing of resistance gene clusters have shed light on the molecular evolution of R genes. However, up to now, no attempt has been made to correlate this molecular evolution with the host-pathogen coevolution process at the population level. Cross-inoculations were carried out between 26 strains of the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum li...