the significant reduction of bollworm infestation by the implementation of integrated pest management (ipm) in bt cotton as a component of ipm led to reduction in bollworm infestation and increase in yield. however, these alterations have brought in many new biotic problems hitherto unknown or of little economic importance. field survey of rainfed bt cotton fields in perambalur district of tami...

Leaf spot disease caused by Alternaria pathogens seriously threatens peony production. The physiological mechanism of resistance to the pathogen is little reported. This study aimed reveal defensive peonies in response tenuissima. disease-resistant (R) variety ‘Zi Fengyu’ and susceptible (S) ‘Heihai Botao’ were employed, some parameters leaves analyzed after inoculation with A. tenuissima, main...

the effect  of  economical and manure eiements on the mentha piperita growth and function.to study the effect of economical and manure elements on the mentha piperita growth and function experimentally compeletly accidentaly performed with four amount of manure and 3 levels of iron little nutritious and zinc by 3 replication the replications involved the manure in 4 levels (0, 15, 25, 35) tonne...

brazilian peppertree (schinus terebinthifolius) leaf extract was applied against two strains of the crown gall disease agent (agrobacterium tumefaciens); strains c58 and ar125. in vitro, we used the agar well diffusion method and the extract was tested in different solvents selected according to their polarity indices, at different concentrations and different incubation temperatures. in vivo, ...

1. Recent work shows that large leaves tend to require higher biomass investments per unit leaf area than small leaves. As a consequence, specific leaf area (SLA), which is a focus trait for a bulk of physiological and ecological research programs, is dependent on leaf size variation. Here, we address whether size dependency alters the outcome of research dealing with SLA responses to environme...

Fig (Ficus carica) trees exhibited symptoms of little leaf, mottling and deformation in Sanliurfa province, Turkey. Poylmerase chain reaction (PCR) through direct nested-PCR, phylogeny based on the sequence analysis revealed that infecting agent was closely related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia’ (16SrII-B subgroup). This is first report Ca. P. aurantifolia fig