To determine whether the cardiovascular effects of chronic treatment with lisinopril are age related, we compared baroreflex sensitivity and pressor responsiveness in 4-mo- and 21-mo-old male rats that had been given oral lisinopril daily for 4 wk. Reflex bradycardia elicited by elevating blood pressure with phenylephrine was stronger in 4-mo-old rats than it was in 21-mo-old rats and also stro...

OBJECTIVE To determine the cardiac, renal, and neuroendocrine effects of lisinopril in men with untreated, symptom free left ventricular systolic dysfunction. DESIGN A randomised, double blind cross over trial with six week treatment periods to compare lisinopril (10 mg/day) and matching placebo. SETTING Hospital outpatient department. PATIENTS Patients with pronounced systolic dysfunctio...

BACKGROUND Peripheral administration of blockers of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may affect the RAS in the brain to a variable degree. In the present study, we determined inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the brain after peripheral administration of a lipophilic (trandolapril) versus hydrophilic (lisinopril) ACE inhibitor. METHODS Trandolapril (0.2, 1, and 5 mg/kg/day...

OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and beta-adrenergic receptor blockers in experimental chronic mitral regurgitation (MR), gaining knowledge using methods difficult to apply in humans. BACKGROUND Both ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers are cornerstones in the treatment of human congestive heart failure. Ho...

The AMAZE (A Multicenter Trial Using Atacand and Zestril vs. Zestril to Evaluate the Effects on Lowering Blood Pressure) program included two identical studies sponsored by AstraZeneca LP. The oral form of candesartan is candesartan cilexetil; for simplicity, the term "candesartan" is used throughout this manuscript. Two identical multicenter, randomized, double-blind studies were performed to ...

For the treatment of hypertension, the combination of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and a thiazide diuretic is supported by multiple lines of evidence, because these drugs have synergistic action and are expected to cancel out each other's adverse side effects. However, the long-term outcome of this combination antihypertensive therapy is not entirely clear. In the present mu...

OBJECTIVE It was suggested that prostaglandins which are synthesized by cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes contribute to the actions of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonism and there is an interaction between ACE signaling pathway and COX enzymes. We aim to investigate the role of COX enzymes in the effects of losartan, an angiotensin II (Ang II) rece...

Omapatrilat, a vasopeptidase inhibitor, simultaneously inhibits neutral endopeptidase and ACE. The efficacy and hormonal profile of omapatrilat and lisinopril were compared in salt-sensitive hypertensive patients. On enrollment, antihypertensive medications were withdrawn, and patients received a single-blind placebo. On day 15, salt-sensitivity determinations were made. Salt-sensitive hyperten...

The angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are a group of pharmaceuticals that are used primarily in treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure, in some cases as the drugs of first choice. The renin-angiotensin system is activated in response to hypotension, decreased sodium concentration in the distal tubule, decreased blood volume and in renal sympathetic nerve stimulati...

OBJECTIVES To assess and compare the effects of candesartan or lisinopril, or both, on blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion in patients with microalbuminuria, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. DESIGN Prospective, randomised, parallel group, double blind study with four week placebo run in period and 12 weeks' monotherapy with candesartan or lisinopril followed by 12 weeks' monotherap...