The equalizer tap length requirement is investigated analytically and numerically for differential modal group delay (DMGD) compensated fiber link with weakly random mode coupling. Each span of the DMGD compensated link comprises multiple pairs of fibers which have opposite signs of DMGD. The result reveals that under weak random mode coupling, the required tap length of the equalizer is propor...

Direct Displacement-Based Design (DDBD) is a performence-based seismic design method that has been proposed and well developed over the past two decades to design RC frame structures, shear walls and bridges. In this method, the behavior of a multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) sysytem is approximaeted by an equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) substitute structure. Although this method has be...

There has been always a workspace problem with parallel mechanisms. We have proposed a parallel mechanism with linear passive joints to adjust link length. This parallel mechanism can have different workspaces by adjusting link length. When these workspaces are combined, it has larger workspace. We have tried to control the link lengths of this parallel mechanism not actively but passively usin...

We consider the operation of Whitehead double on a component of a link and study the behavior of Milnor invariants under this operation. We show that this operation turns a link whose Milnor invariants of length ≤ k are all zero into a link with vanishing Milnor invariants of length ≤ 2k+1, and we provide formulas for the first non-vanishing ones. As a consequence, we obtain statements relating...

We give improved lower bounds on the link length of spanning paths in a d-dimensional grid of size n. Kranakis et al. conjectured that the optimal link length is (1 + 1 d?1)n d?1 , but gave lower bounds not substantially larger than n d?1 ; we give a lower bound of (1 + 1 2d)n d?1 for all d > 2.

ABSTRACT- Improper seed germination is a serious challenge for medicinal herbs under drought stress conditions in semi-arid and arid regions. A new group of plant growth regulators known as karrikins have been proved useful to improve seed germination in some plants. In this regard, the effects of karrikin on seed germination and vigor of three medicinals under drought stress were examined. See...

Distinguishing Physical and Mathematical Knots and Links Joel Hass (joint work with Alexander Coward ) The theory of knots and links studies one-dimensional submanifolds of R. These are often described as loops of string, or rope, with their ends glued together. Real ropes however are not one-dimensional, but have a positive thickness and a finite length. Indeed, most physical applications of k...

Abstract The Sun provides most of external energy to Earth’s system and thus has the potential influencing it. Various studies reported a correlation between solar cycle length northern hemisphere temperatures on Earth. Here, we reassess record by incorporating newly revised updated sunspot number series as well plage area composite, before comparing it Earth temperature records. We find that c...