there are many techniques to knock out directed genes in bacteria, some of which have been described in salmonella species. in this study, a combination of soeing pcr method and the λ red disruption system were used to disrupt phop gene in wild type and standard strains of salmonella typhimurium. three standards pcr and one fusion pcr reactions were performed to construct a linear dna including...

Spatial-temporal reasoning is the ability to reason with spatial images or information about space over time. In this dissertation, computational intelligence techniques are applied to computer Go and computer network applications. Among four experiments, the first three are related to the game of Go, and the last one concerns the routing problem in computer networks. The first experiment repre...

Delay/Disruption tolerant networking (DTN) is another class of network communication techniques developed to sustain long link delay and frequent link disruption. Lot of work have been done in evaluating the effectiveness and performance of the different type of DTN Protocols when they are applied on different environment (like the environment where we don’t have continuous path between source ...

In this paper, a dynamic and stochastic notion of public transport network vulnerability is develoepd. While previous studies have considered only the network topology, the non-continuous availability of services requires a more refined model for supply and demand interactions in order to evaluate the impacts of disruptions. We extend the measures of betweenness centrality (often used to identi...

This paper proposes expected link delay (i.e., data delivery delay) on a two-way road segment for carry-and-forward data delivery schemes in vehicular networks. Recently, a lot of vehicles are able to communicate with each other by dedicate short-range communications (DSRC) for vehicular networking. In the near future, more vehicles will be equipped with DSRC devices because of governmental pol...

This paper proposes a modeling of expected link delay (i.e., data delivery delay) on a two-way road segment for carry-and-forward data delivery schemes in vehicular networks. Recently, a lot of vehicles can communicate with each other by dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) for vehicular networking. In the near future, more vehicles will be equipped with DSRC devices because of governmen...