The mixing behavior of the gas-liquid phase in three loop bioreactors was investigated. A gas-induced External Airlift Loop Bioreactor (EALB), a forced-liquid Vertical Tubular Loop Bioreactor (VTLB) and a forced-liquid Horizontal Tubular Loop Bioreactor (HTLB) were used for mixing studies as well as biomass production from natural gas. The effect of design parameters, riser to downcomer cro...

This work examines the linear instability of a viscoelastic confined liquid jet as acoustic oscillations are taken into consideration, which is expressed oscillatory gas velocity, and this theoretical problem solved using Floquet theory. The unstable regions dominated by capillary instability, Kelvin–Helmholtz (KHI), parametric impact heat mass transfer in different also discussed. In addition,...

A temporal stability analysis was carried out for a planar liquid sheet sandwiched between two gas streams moving with unequal velocities. Perturbation analysis was carried out up to second order using the initial amplitude of disturbance of the liquid sheet as the perturbation parameter. Both para-sinuous and para-varicose modes were investigated to determine the dominant break-up mechanism. T...

A simplified one-dimensional (1D) magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is solved using a lattice Boltzmann and a quantum lattice gas model. It is shown that the magnetic field decreases the strength of the velocity shock fronts, with marked spikes in the magnetic field strength that gradually broaden in time. There is very good agreement between the lattice Boltzmann model—a representation of non-linear ...

Fluid velocity has the potential to cause severe erosion damage to oil & gas production infrastructure. In order to avoid or alleviate damage due to erosion, the American Petroleum Institute Recommended Practice (API RP) 14E recommends a threshold fluid velocity for production tubing and pipelines. However, field and laboratory data have proven that the applied empirical constants, known as C-f...

The dynamics of a tracer particle in a stationary driven granular gas is investigated. We show how to transform the linear Boltzmann equation, describing the dynamics of the tracer into a master equation for a continuous Markov process. The transition rates depend on the stationary velocity distribution of the gas. When the gas has a Gaussian velocity probability distribution function (PDF), th...

We study the fundamental problem of two gas species whose molecules collide as hard spheres in the presence of a flat boundary and with dependence on only one space dimension. More specifically the steady linear problem considered is the one arising when the second gas dominates as a flow moving towards the boundary with constant microscopic velocity (and hence zero temperature). The boundary c...

The fluid-conveying pipe is a fundamental dynamical problem in the field of fluid– structure interactions. In recent years considerable attention has been given to the lateral vibrations of pipes containing by a moving fluid. In this paper, the vibration analysis of composite natural gas pipeline in the thermal and humidity environment is studied. The effect of the non-uniform magnetic field is...