Detecting a transient signal of unknown arrival time in noise is actually a binary hypothesis test problem, where the null hypothesis (noise only) is a simple one, while the alternative hypothesis is composite. The generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) is a common tool to solve such problems. In this paper we show how order statistics (OS) approach can be used to solve the same problem. We s...

Inference of variance components in linear mixed effect models (LMEs) is not always straightforward. I introduce and describe a flexible SAS ® macro (%COVTEST) that uses the likelihood ratio test (LRT) to test covariance parameters in LMEs by means of the parametric bootstrap. Users must supply the null and alternative models (as macro strings), and a data set name. The macro calculates the obs...

Echo cancellers (EC) are required in both electrical (impedance mismatch) and acoustic (speaker-microphone coupling) applications. One of the main design problems is the control logic for adaptation. Basically, the algorithm weights should be frozen in the presence of double-talk and adapt quickly in the absence of double-talk. The optimum likelihood ratio test (LRT) for this problem was studie...

In this article we explore statistical properties of the maximum-likelihood estimates (MLEs) of the selection and mutation parameters in a Poisson random field population genetics model of directional selection at DNA sites. We derive the asymptotic variances and covariance of the MLEs and explore the power of the likelihood ratio tests (LRT) of neutrality for varying levels of mutation and sel...

We compared the powers of the likelihood ratio test (LRT) and the Pearson correlation test (CT) from empirical Bayes estimates (EBEs) for various designs and shrinkages in the context of nonlinear mixed-effect modeling. Clinical trial simulation was performed with a simple pharmacokinetic model with various weight (WT) effects on volume (V). Data sets were analyzed with NONMEM 7.2 using first-o...

This paper presents a new voice activity detection (VAD) method using the Gaussian distribution and a uniformly most powerful (UMP) test. The UMP test is employed to derive the new decision rule based on likelihood ratio test (LRT). This method requires the Rayleigh distribution for the magnitude of the noisy spectral component and the adaptive threshold estimated from the noise statistics. Exp...

The current study aimed to examine differential item functioning (DIF) of a numerical ability test for Gulf state school students. This examined the DIF items by gender and country using two analysis methods; Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT) Mantel-Haenszel (MH). sample size was 2689 individuals throughout grades 5 6, researchers used MH with SPSS LRT BILOG-MG. classification stability coefficient k...

We calculate the finite sample probability mass-at-zero and the probability of underestimating the true ratio between random effects variance and error variance in a LMM with one variance component. The calculations are expedited by simple matrix diagonalization techniques. One possible application is to compute the probability that the log of the likelihood ratio (LRT), or residual likelihood ...

This paper deals with decision fusion in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) over Rayleigh fading channels. The likelihood ratio test (LRT) is considered as the optimal fusion rule when applied at the fusion center (FC). However, applying the LRT at the FC requires both the channel state information (CSI) and the local sensors’ performance indices. Acquiring such information is considered as an ove...

The mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) is an important research question in animal and human studies. Missing data are common in such study settings, and ignoring such missing data may result in biased estimates of the genotypic effect and thus may eventually lead to errant results and incorrect inferences. In this article, we developed an expectation-maximization (EM)-likelihood-ratio te...