the present article aims to explicate the difference between perceptions of conceptual relations governing the public in different eras. therefore, this can be achieved through considering ancient greece as the birthplace of western traditions and deciphering the mythological meaning of governance in that era. to this end, it takes advantage of a hermeneutical-historical point of view to review...

the historians of philosophy do not take serious consideration into the period of middle ages or equval it to christian philosophy and there is no room for jewish or islamic philosophies in their view. on the other hand, wolfson, as an amarican historian, has a different opinon about this period of philosophy he presents a different criterion for dividing the history of philosophy.on account of...