conclusions the current study revealed that 44% of those who received prophylaxis did not need it. in the patients who received antibiotics, the most common mistakes were antibiotic selection followed by prolonged prophylaxis (> 24 hours) and excess dose. results of the total 8586 patients who took antibiotics for preventive purposes, 4815 (56%) required antimicrobial prophylaxis, and 3771 (44%...

in order to determine the vector of visceral leishmaniasis in the endemic focus of fars province in southern iran, collection and dissection of sand- flies were carried out in the town of ghjr in firooz - abad district. a total of 270 sand- flies were dissected. they consisted of ph. alexandri, ph. sergenti ph. papatasi and ph. major. five out of 150 ph. major was found infected with promastigo...

Background: The most common sexually transmitted diseases and the economic and social health problem throughout the world. However, vaccine coverage and antibiotic therapy and the development of programs to prevent and control major causes of acute and chronic diseases, pregnancy complications and infertility remains. Acute and chronic systemic viral infections can lead to infertility and perma...

hepatitis b virus (hbv) is the most prevalent viral infection and is among the leading causes of human liver diseases. nearly 360 millions of people are world widely infected with prolonged forms of hepatitis b including active and inactive chronic forms. chronic hepatitis b (chb) is associated with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in patients suffering from congenital and/or acquir...

background bloodstream infection (bsi) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity and among the most common health-care associated infections. in this study we described the frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of nosocomial and community-acquired bsi isolates from a teaching hospital in tehran, iran. patients and methods this cross-sectional study was conduct...

objectives:prenatal infections are one of the fundamental causes of early puerperal complications in mothers and neonates. these infections are mostly due to colonized organisms in pregnant woman's genitor-urinary system. the aim of this study was to determine the incidence of streptococcus group b (gbs) colonization in parturient women and the rate of pathogen transmission to the newborn....

background and objective: this study was undertaken to assess the ability of standard urinalysis (ua) and hemocytometer white blood cell (wbc) counts for the diagnosis of urinary tract infection (uti) in patients with urinary symptoms. materials and methods: a total of 600 patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection were enrolled in this prospective study. standard ua, hemocytometer wbc c...

Leishmania chagasi causes visceral leishmaniasis, a potentially fatal disease of humans. Within the sand fly vector, L. chagasi replicates as promastigotes which undergo complex changes in morphology as they progress from early stage procyclic promastigotes, to intermediate stage leptomonad and nectomonad promastigotes, and ultimately to terminal stage metacyclic promastigotes that are highly i...

conclusions the hai prevalence found in this study was lower than hai rates reported in some other studies from iran. the isolates showed high resistance to common antibiotics. guidelines for improving hai surveillance and stringent measures to reduce the prevalence of multidrug-resistant hais must be implemented to reduce the rate and the consequences of hais. results a total of 16,140 patient...

paecilomyces sp, is a saprophytic fungus which has rarely been associated with human disease. we report the first case of invasive subcutaneous infection caused by this fungus in a 78-year-old female from damghan, iran, with diabetes and chronic renal failure. a biopsy provided an initial diagnosis of the mold in tissue. multiple positive fungal cultures which were obtained from the biopsied ti...