INTRODUCTION Although rare, the malignant degeneration of epidermoid cysts is well documented. Its occurrence with leptomeningeal dissemination and malignant cells in CSF is scarce. To the best of our knowledge only four cases have been reported. CASE REPORT The authors report the case of malignant transformation of an epidermoid cyst with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (which simulates asepti...

BACKGROUND Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) is an uncommon neoplasm characterized by local extension and an aggressive course. Treatment often includes a combination of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery, although the optimal strategy remains unclear. Here, we present the first reported case of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis from SNUC. METHODS AND RESULTS A 28-year-old man...

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of intrathecal methotrexate single therapy with three-drug combination therapy in patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. METHODS Fifty-five patients who had pathologically proven leptomeningeal carcinomatosis of a solid tumor were evaluated in terms of pathological response. Group M (n = 29) received methotrexate 15 mg and group MHA (n = 26) received me...

Phoebe Ann and Omid Jafari Pachymeningeal leptomeningeal enhancement on contrast-enhanced brain MRI come with broad differentials, including granulomatous disease of infectious or non-infectious etiology, carcinomatosis, autoimmune disorders such as vasculitis, giant cell arteritis, IgG-4 related disease.

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, a not uncommon complication of non-small cell lung cancer, is associated with poor prognosis, and median survival is reported in case series as weeks to months. The advent of targeted therapy may have positively impacted the prognosis of such patients recently. Standard approaches to treatment of leptomeningeal metastasis include intrathecal chemotherapy with or w...

A 49-year-old woman with cholangiocarcinoma metastatic to the lungs presented with new-onset unrelenting headaches. A lumbar puncture revealed malignant cells consistent with leptomeningeal metastasis from her cholangiocarcinoma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed leptomeningeal enhancement. An intrathecal (IT) catheter was placed and IT chemotherapy was initiated with metho...

This case study reports on a 56-year-old woman with breast adenocarcinoma and leptomeningeal metastases. After initial chemotherapy with a dose-dense regimen of doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide followed by 3 cycles of docetaxel (100 mg/m(2)), a lumpectomy was performed that revealed invasive ductal carcinoma with lymph node involvement. Because of the extent of the disease, she underwent a mastecto...

We report the MR study of a case of high-grade glioma that mimics leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Superficial gliomas should thus be included in the differential diagnosis of isolated meningeal enhancement.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in Asian countries, including Korea. We experienced a case of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC) from gastric cancer that was originally misdiagnosed as vestibular schwannoma based on the similar radiological characteristics. To our knowledge, LC from gastric cancer is very rare. In conclusion, our experience with this case...