PROBLEM/CONDITION State laws on smoke-free indoor air, youth access to tobacco products, advertising of tobacco products, and excise taxes on tobacco products are summarized. REPORTING PERIOD COVERED Legislation effective through June 30, 1995. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM CDC and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) identified state laws addressing tobacco control by using LEXIS, which is an on-li...

Currently almost all legislative bodies throughout Europe use general purpose word-processing software for the drafting of legal documents. These regular word processors do not provide specific support for legislative drafters and parliamentarians to facilitate the legislative process. Furthermore, they do not natively support metadata on regulations. This paper describes how the MetaLex regula...

By drafting statutes and delegated acts, national legislative drafters play a crucial role in European Union (EU) compliance. Given their extensive legal training, they can be expected to operate as ‘guardians of EU law’ and thus correct national non-compliant tendencies. Yet, they also have a role as politically loyal civil servants, responsive to national political demands. This conntribution...

A distinction between legislative texts and legal texts lies in open formulations. Legislative texts allow alternative formulations. In contrast, the wording of a valid legal text is fixed. The sole variation of a legal text is its interpretation. At a decision-making point in a legislative process the interpretation is basically open. However, it can be pushed in a certain direction with the h...

The article discovers the congruence of governance principles and actual administrative practices in local legislative chamber in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. By using case study, it measured the influence of governance principles to legislative performance and organizational effectiveness. The good governance principles of citizens’ participation, accountability and transparency are correlated to...

How do presidents win legislative support under conditions of extreme multipartism? Comparative presidential research has offered two parallel answers, one relying on distributive politics and the other claiming that legislative success is a function of coalition formation. The authors merge these insights in an integrated approach to executive-legislative relations while also considering dynam...

This paper develops a theory of optimal institutional structure for staggered-term (overlapping generations) organizations such as legislative bodies. Our model is a simple stochastic game of multi-principal, multi-agent dynamic relationships. Our results emphasize two key features that are determined by legislative founders at the “constitutional moment”. First, they will agree to institute a ...