judicial review on administrative regulations is the great implement of administrative law for guaranty the legality of administrative decisions and courts apply various principles to diminish public authorities offense in decision-making process. in this paper, reviewing the british legal system indicative that common law courts by apply effective principles , play considerable role in upgrade...

Embryo donation was one of the infertility treatment methods introduced to the Iranian legal system in 2003 (Act of Embryo Donation) and its by-law passed in 2005 after nu- merous discussions. Embryo donation is a new legal issue in Iran. No similar act has been previously legis- lated in the legal system; however, on the other hand, the importance of the judicial pro- cedure in its execution c...

stare decisis is one of traditional legal rules common law to be considered. according to this rule, the judge of the judicial decisions of thecommon law previous similar cases to use. this rule by some authorities such as the international criminal court to consider the implicit judgments about the observance of this rule before the verdict is so difficult. finally, cautious and visionary in c...

Are judicial rulings based solely on laws and facts? Legal formalism holds that judges apply legal reasons to the facts of a case in a rational, mechanical, and deliberative manner. In contrast, legal realists argue that the rational application of legal reasons does not sufficiently explain the decisions of judges and that psychological, political, and social factors influence judicial rulings...

While federal law establishes guidelines that designated facilities must follow in providing information about a patient’s rights regarding self-determination in the health care decision-making process, state law determines the decision-making process and the legal requirements pertaining thereto. A person’s capacity to make health care decisions or to have the authority and capacity to delegat...

1. Law is more than statutes or Court decisions. Statutes and Court decisions constitute the written expression of a legal system, but a legal system is driven by actors who deploy explicit and implicit principles and rules which give diverse meanings to statutes and decisions. To be accurate an expert system in law must take this characteristic into account . This, however makes it much more c...