Individuals with damage to the cerebellum perform poorly in sensorimotor adaptation paradigms. This deficit has been attributed to impairment in sensory prediction error-based updating of an internal forward model, a form of implicit learning. These individuals can, however, successfully counter a perturbation when instructed with an explicit aiming strategy. This successful use of an instructe...

objectives: cerebral hemispheres functioning have been found to be abnormal in children with asd. the role of lateralization in implicit and explicit motor learning has received little attention in asd researches. the main goal of this study is investigating the differences between two hands implicit and explicit motor learning in children with asd and typical matched group. methods: in the pre...

Background and Objective: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) usually leads to memory deficit. In this study, we tried to assess the effect of Withania somnifera extract on the impaired learning and memory in the intrahippocampal kainate model of TLE in the rat. Materials & Methods: Male rats (n=32) were divided into sham, extract+sham, kainite, and kainite+extract. For induction of epilepsy, unilate...

Objective(s): Methamphetamine is a stimulant compound that penetrates readily into the central nervous system. Repeated exposure to methamphetamine leads to damage in the dopaminergic and serotonergic axons of selected brain regions. Previous studies showed that cinnamaldehyde improved memory impairment in animals. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the effects of cinnamaldehyde on met...

Centella asiatica extract on cognition and hippocampal pathology of mild chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) that was induced by permanent right common carotid artery occlusion (RCO) in rats. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups of Sham-veh, Sham-C. asiatica, RCO-veh and RCO-C. asiatica, which were further divided into short-term and...

Groups of pregnant rats were maintained on either a histidine-high diet, or received periodic injections of C-nitromethane, or they received both treatments throughout gestation. Later, the offspring were tested in an open field for activity in a maze-learning task and retested for the retention of the maze habit. Results showed that both nitromehane injections and histidine-high diets resulted...