We report the development of different types of oxygen sensors based on yittria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as a solid electrolyte. The conventional oxygen sensor is a concentration cell with two porous Pt electrodes, one of which is exposed to air as a constant (reference) oxygen concentration and the other is exposed to automobile exhaust gas of variable oxygen concentration, depending on the a...

OBJECTIVES Severe burns are associated with a significant loss of muscle and strength. Studies have reported that oxandrolone improves lean body mass in muscle-wasting conditions. Also shown previously in burned children is that an exercise program increases lean body mass and muscle strength. We hypothesized that oxandrolone, in combination with exercise, would increase lean body mass and musc...

BACKGROUND Increased burn size leads to increased mortality of burned patients. Whether mortality is due to inflammation, hypermetabolism or other pathophysiologic contributing factors is not entirely determined. The purpose of the present study was to determine in a large prospective clinical trial whether different burn sizes are associated with differences in inflammation, body composition, ...

OBJECTIVE To study the efficacy of growth hormone given to severely burned children from discharge to 12 months after burn and for 12 months after the drug was discontinued. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA We have previously shown that low-dose recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), given to children after a severe thermal injury, successfully improved lean muscle mass, bone mineral content, and gr...

The appropriate combination of titania and silica, sulfating and non-sulfating support, respectively, results in Pd catalysts with improved water and sulfur tolerance in methane combustion. For the first time the catalyst recovers the initial activity after one cycle under lean-burn conditions without additional regenerating treatments.

Cu/Ba/bauxite possesses superior NOx storage and reduction (NSR) performances, high thermal stability, strong resistance against SO₂ poisoning and outstanding regeneration ability in comparison with Pt/Ba/Al₂O₃. It can serve as a cheap and promising alternative for traditional Pt/Ba/Al₂O₃ in NOx removal from lean-burn engines.

Introduction Combustion in excess oxygen, as in dieseland lean-burn engines, significantly improves the fuel economy, i.e. reducing the CO2 emissions. However, the lean environment in the exhaust gas obstructs the NOx reduction ability of the three-way catalyst, thus emphasizing the need for alternative techniques, where one promising is selective catalytic reduction with hydrocarbons (HC-SCR)....

Lean-burn is an attractive concept for reasons of high thermal efficiency and low nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, however, successful implementation in spark-ignition (SI) engines turned out to be challenging because misfire or partial burn caused by attenuated flame propagation. In order overcome this issue, microwave-assisted plasma ignition system (MAPIS) has been applied combustion systems....