Ferric oxide, hematite, "red rust" , it has a lot of names but there is no argument that it is undesirable. It is a loosely adhering oxide layer which has poor heat transfer capabilities. It also tends to deposit elsewhere in the system. It can deposit in the coil, in steam traps and piping downstream, and can eventually reach the boiler. In the boiler it can form further deposits, which in tur...

the nasirabad manganese deposit is located 5 km south of nasirabad, 8 km sw of neyriz in the fars province. structurally, the area is placed in the southeastern part of zagros thrust belt. in this area, the manganese mineralization occurred as ore layers and nodules, interlayered with pichakun radiolarite chert deposits. in this study, mineralogy and geochemistry of uranium, thorium and lead is...

Scientific journals are more and more published electronically. Gradually the amount of e-books increases and on Internet a vast amount of digital information is being published. Electronic publishing offers major opportunities for dissemination and for access but at the same time imposes new challenges on national libraries and other deposit institutes in charge of preserving countries’ cultur...

A brief overview on boiler tubes ash deposit characterization and thermophysical properties of deposits are given. The structure of an ash deposit on the heat exchange surface of a boiler is usually non-uniform. The thickness of the deposit increases with time and during this process chemical reactions and sintering of ash particles may lead to structural changes. Therefore the thermal conducti...