Marginal structural models (MSMs) allow estimation of effect modification by baseline covariates, but they are less useful for estimating effect modification by evolving time-varying covariates. Rather, structural nested models (SNMs) were specifically designed to estimate effect modification by time-varying covariates. In their paper, Petersen et al. (Am J Epidemiol 2007;000:000–00) describe h...

Questions concerning longitudinal data quality and reproducibility of proteomic laboratories spurred the Protein Research Group of the Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities (ABRF-PRG) to design a study to systematically assess the reproducibility of proteomic laboratories over an extended period of time. Developed as an open study, initially 64 participants were recruited from the bro...

Autoimmune uveitis is a blinding disease presenting with autoantibodies against eye-specific proteins as well as autoagressive T cells invading and attacking the immune-privileged target tissue retina. The molecular events enabling T cells to invade and attack the tissue have remained elusive. Changes in membrane protein expression patterns between diseased and healthy stages are especially int...

Authors 4 Christelle Margoum, Céline Guillemain, Xi Yang, Marina Coquery 5 a Irstea, UR MALY, 5 rue de la Doua, CS 70077, F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France 6 b State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, China 7 *corresponding author Tel. +33472208711; fax: +33478477875; E-mail address: [email protected] 8 9 10 Abstract 11 Stir b...

Saturn is orbited by a half dozen ice rich middle-sized moons (MSMs) of diverse geology and composition (e.g. Smith et al. , 1981; Thomas, 2010; Schenk et al. , 2011) that comprise ∼4.4% of Saturn’s satellite mass. The rest is Titan, more massive per planet than Jupiter’s satellites combined. Jupiter has no MSMs. Disk-based models to explain these differences exist (e.g. Sasaki et al. , 2010; C...

Objective. To quantify differences in results obtained by immunoassays (IAs) and tandem mass spectrometry (MSMS) for cortisol and free thyroxine (FT4). Design & Patients. Cortisol was measured over 60 minutes following a standard ACTH stimulation test (n = 80); FT4 was measured over time in two cohorts of pregnant (n = 57), and nonpregnant (n = 28) women. Measurements. Samples were analyzed wit...

Simulating biologically relevant timescales at atomic resolution is a challenging task since typical atomistic simulations are at least two orders of magnitude shorter. Markov State Model (MSMs) provide one means of overcoming this gap without sacrificing atomic resolution by extracting long time dynamics from short simulations. MSMs coarse grain space by dividing conformational space into long...

Robust control design for quantum systems has been recognized as a key task in quantum information technology, molecular chemistry and atomic physics. In this paper, an improved differential evolution algorithm of msMS DE is proposed to search robust fields for various quantum control problems. In msMS DE, multiple samples are used for fitness evaluation and a mixed strategy is employed for mut...