background: nowadays use of specific antivenin for latrodectism is considered as the most effective treatment in the world. this study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of specific antivenom against histopathological complications caused by latrodectus dahli venom on liver, heart and kidneys tissues within 72 h. methods: two groups were selected, each one contained 6 male new zealand r...

a faunistic review is given on the iranian medically important spiders of two genera loxosceles and latrodectus. latrodectus cinctus blackwall, 1865 is reported for the first time from iran (and for the second time from asia) and is replaced with the previous erroneous reports of l. hasseltii thorell, 1870. the following species are reported for the first time from the listed provinces: loxosce...

Evidence on the pre-modern relationship between wealth and fertility has so far almost entirely relied upon data from Europe. We use British colonial records from early 19thcentury India on widow suicides (satis) to show that there is a robust positive relationship between income and fertility. JEL codes: J13, N35, D31

If supermassive black holes (BHs) are generically present in galaxy centers, and if galaxies are built up through hierarchical merging, BH binaries are at least temporary features of most galactic bulges. Observations suggest, however, that binary BHs are rare, pointing toward a binary lifetime far shorter than the Hubble time. We show that, almost regardless of the detailed mechanism, all stel...

New Zealand’s endemic sand dune Latrodectus widow spider species, L. katipo and L. atritus, possess behavioral and physiological attributes likely to promote dispersal over large distances. Morphological, physiological and behavioral similarities between L. katipo and L. hasselti, an Australian endemic, suggest gene flow may occur across the Tasman Sea. In this study we examine intraspecific an...