PURPOSE Under certain conditions, the fast phases of latent/manifest latent nystagmus (LMLN) can defoveate the target of interest instead of foveating it, as was thought to be their only function. LMLN fast phases in the waveforms from four subjects were studied with the goals of better understanding their characteristics and determining what triggers both foveating and defoveating fast phases....

AMONGST 34,000 patients, 138 were found with congenital nystagmus, of whom at least twenty showed the form known as " latent nystagmus ". Of these, thirteen were classed as typical (Table). The nature and origin of this uncommon condition is a mystery. A curious fact was revealed in this study: all the patients with this form of nystagmus had another mysterious condition-alternating hyperphoria...

The results of squint surgery in 40 children with congenital esotropia are analysed. A 'favourable outcome' was achieved in 23 (57.5%) children. The factors affecting the final outcome including ocular alignment in the immediate postoperative period, age at the time of surgery, amblyopia, associated inferior oblique overaction, dissociated vertical deviation, latent or manifest latent nystagmus...

PURPOSE To elucidate the genetic or environmental background for clinical features in the three major types of comitant strabismus. METHODS Interview based on a questionnaire asking background factors such as family history of strabismus and abnormalities in pregnancy and delivery was conducted with 101 consecutive patients with infantile esotropia (5-180 months of age), 83 with accommodative...

PURPOSE To develop a nystagmus-specific quality-of-life (QOL) questionnaire derived from patient concerns based on eudaimonic aspects of well-being. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 206 participants with nystagmus for factor analysis phase and an additional 42 participants with nystagmus for construct validity phase. METHODS Questionnaire items were written on the bas...

In Volume 1 , this chapter ( 1 ) contained a definition and at least one relevant reference for each type of nystagmus, saccadic oscillation or saccadic intrusion. Table 1 lists the 41 different types of nystagmus along with 64 other terms found in the l iterature to describe them ; similarly, Table 2 lists the 1 6 saccadic oscilla­ tions and intrusions with 27 other terms found in the literatu...

PURPOSE To investigate nystagmus and other visual system abnormalities among children exposed to opiates and benzodiazepines in utero. METHODS Retrospective case series comprising clinical examination and case note review of 25 children with nystagmus and reduced vision who were exposed to controlled drugs during pregnancy. RESULTS Twenty-four children were exposed to opiates, of whom 13 we...

PURPOSE Although impaired color vision and ERG changes have been detected in carriers of blue-cone monochromatism (BCM), no eye movement abnormalities have been identified. Quantitative eye movements of three obligate carriers of BCM were analyzed. METHODS Horizontal and vertical eye movements of three obligate carriers of two families with BCM with visual acuity of 20/20 or better were recor...

We investigated the nystagmus of a 12-year-old boy with suspected X-linked congenital nystagmus (CN) and exophoria to determine the underlying mechanisms and component signals in the 'dual-velocity' and other slow phases of his Asymmetric (a)Periodic Alternating Nystagmus (APAN). Fast Fourier transforms (FFT) were performed on the waveforms and residual data after subtracting a sawtooth wavefor...