In this study, the effects of floret sterilization with sodium hypochlorite, cold stress, heat shock, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and colchicine treatment on microspore viability and induction of symmetrical nuclei divisions were assessed in six genotypes of sugarcane. The highest microspore viability was observed when florets were sterilized with 3.0% and 3.5% sodium hypochlorite in all gen...

This paper focuses on a single simple stylized fact which stands out from the post-war history of the US Car industry, namely that industry concentration fell just at the same time as industry advertising expenditures rose sharply. Since both events were almost certainly caused by the entry and market penetration of (largely) foreign owned car producers, this stylized fact raises interesting qu...

This paper analyzes the structure and functions of suppliers’ associations (kyoryokukai) in the automobile industry in Japan. The bilateral assembler-supplier relationship has received much attention recently as a source of Japanese industrial competitiveness. However, this paper argues that the hitherto neglected area of inter-supplier coordination in technology diffusion is at least as import...

Indonesia, like many other countries in South East Asia, has actively promoted the automotive industry. The governmental interventions have ranged from tariffs and nontariff barriers to various local content programs. As a result, imports of ready made cars and motorcycles have been expensive, which led to an inflow of foreign producers. This paper examines the productivity performance in the I...

Market share objectives are prominent in many industries, especially where managers pay much attention to league table rankings. This paper explores the strategic rationale for giving managers incentives based on market share, motivated by evidence from executive compensation practice in the automotive and investment banking industries. Strategic incentives for market share dominate the well-kn...

The effect of three nucleoside analogue antimetabolites (5-fluorouracil, floxuridine, and gemcitabine) on the structure of Pluronic L62 copolymer micelles was investigated using small-angle neutron scattering. These antimetabolites used for cancer chemotherapy have analogous molecular structures but different molecular sizes and aqueous solubilities. It was found that the addition of the three ...

The lemons model assumes that owners of used cars have an informational advantage over potential buyers with respect to the quality of their vehicles. Owners of bad cars will try to sell them to unsuspecting buyers while owners of good cars will hold on to theirs. Consequently, the quality of traded automobiles should be sub-average. In contrast to previous work, the following paper tests both ...

This paper addresses the problem of the general validity of models of the industry life cycle, which have been proposed to analyse the long-term evolution of many industries, exhibiting a typical pattern of shakeout. We study a case of non shake-out in the commercial jet aero-engine industry, marked by a small number of entry events distributed over 40 years of industry evolution, by no exits a...

We conduct an empirical analysis of the technical efficiency of cars sold in Germany in 2010. The analysis is performed using traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) as well as directional distance functions (DDF). The approach of DDF allows incorporating the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions as an environmental goal in the efficiency analysis. A frontier separation approach is used to ...

abstract this paper sketches a model of product differentiation according to the hedonic hypothesis that is based on the theory of consumer behavior of lancaster (1971). lancaster suggested that utility is derived from the characteristics of the good and not the good itself. thus, from the perception of the consumer, every characteristic has a price. this is the hedonic (or implicit) price. we ...