1. Defensive inking behavior and gill withdrawal in ApIysia offer simple test systems in which the cellular and biophysial determinants of elementary behavioral acts can be examined. Since a good deal is known regarding both the behaviors and their underlying neural circuits, it is possible to compare directly these two defensive reflexes at the cellular level. 2. Both the ink and gill motor ne...

I provide a typology of social capital, breaking it down into seven more fundamental forms of capital: information capital, brokerage capital, coordination and leadership capital, bridging capital, favor capital, reputation capital, and community capital. I discuss how most of these forms of social capital can be identified using different network-based measures. JEL Classification Codes: D85, ...

We consider the parallel developments in the economics of agglomeration and the economics of networks. We explore the complementarities between the productivity benefits of agglomeration and those of network linkages, arguing that networks of actors dispersed over space may substitute for agglomerations of actors at a single point. JEL classification: D20, L14, R30

We show that if agents are risk neutral, prizes outperform wages if and only if there is su¢ cient pride and envy relative to the noisiness of performance. If agents are risk averse, prizes are a necessary supplement to wages (as bonuses). Keywords: Envy, Pride, Wages, Prizes, Bonus JEL Classi…cation: C72, D01, D23, L14.

This paper models employment relationship as a repeated principal-agent problem with private evaluation. The efficient contracts exhibit correlated movements between lagged wage and current effort that are consistent with the positive feedback between pay and morale in practice. Low morale therefore is an integral part of a well-functioning relationship. (JEL: C73, D82, J41, L14 )

This paper studies the role of communication and reputation in market interactions using data from online procurement auctions. Not only positive reputation ratings but also engaging in communication increases a bidder’s probability of winning the auction. Messages are primarily used to reduce the asymmetric information associated with transactions. JEL Classifi cation: D44, D83, L14

Abstract In this article, we use a laboratory experiment to study the effects of relational contracts on market efficiency in environments with different degrees contract enforceability and competition. By exogenously varying communication protocol, create that are more personal or impersonal. On one hand, improve by promoting trust coordination. other impersonal increase facilitating severance...