One of the recent inquiries in the field of hadith studies is the investigation of transferred traditions and their causes and impacts on Shi‘i hadith circles. By exploring some traditions in the hadith collection of al-Shaykh al-Saduq and comparing the textual similarities and also the chain of transmitters, this research attempts to show that traditions of Jewish origin in the Shi‘i hadith ci...

Knowledge systems Some of the ways in which First Nations and non-First Nations people "know" the world are profoundly different. The term "First Nations knowledge systems" refers to the ways in which knowledge, records, ideas and information are generated, disseminated and maintained within First Nations communities and nations. These systems are ancient and rooted in complex oral cultures, an...

Distributed algorithms correctness usually relies upon the use of some knowledge about the underlying network (a specific topology, some metrics,...). We define equivalent structural knowledges to be such knowledges that can be computed distributively one knowing the other. We present a combinatorial characterization of this equivalence. Some applications are also given: zero knowledge, classic...