Modeling informal inference in natural language is very challenging. With the recent availability of large annotated data, it has become feasible to train complex models such as neural networks to perform natural language inference (NLI), which have achieved state-of-the-art performance. Although there exist relatively large annotated data, can machines learn all knowledge needed to perform NLI...

In our dynamic environment with its accelerating technological progress, knowledge has become a very important asset through which firms can acquire competitive advantages. Most previous studies have focused on the influence of the technological perspective of knowledge management (KM) programs, neglecting the influence of the human side of the situation. The study aims to incorporate human, em...

The weakness of knowledge-based authentication systems, such as passwords and Personal Identification Numbers (PINs), is well known, and reflects an uneasy compromise between security and human memory constraints. Research has been undertaken for some years now into the feasibility of graphical authentication mechanisms in the hope that these will provide a more secure and memorable alternative...

Constructing an identification scheme is one of the fundamental problems in cryptography, and is very useful in practice. An identity-based identification (IBI) scheme allows a prover to identify himself to a public verifier who knows only the claimed identity of the prover and some public information. In this paper, we propose a new framework for both the design and analysis of IBI schemes. Ou...

Community schools have long been accepted as an institutional mechanism for intervening in the relationship between poverty, poor educational outcomes, and limited life chances. At a time when public services are being retracted, and disadvantaged places are being increasingly left to struggle, community schools are poised to become more important in offering a response to the needs of children...

The paper proposes an integrated framework which uses knowledge representation theory and languages to annotate relevant product information in a semantically rich and unambiguous fashion so disclosing several added-value services in multiple supply chain stages, without depending on a back-end infrastructure. EPCglobal RFID protocol standard has been extended and further applied in an innovati...

Explicitly conveyed knowledge represents only a portion of the information communicated by a text snippet. Automated mechanisms for deriving explicit information exist; however, the implicit assumptions and default inferences that capture our intuitions about a normal interpretation of a communication remain hidden for automated systems, despite the communication participants’ ease of grasping ...

Some see schools primarily as places where students learn academic skills that are crucial to individual and social development. Others see them primarily as places where students are stigmatised and where social inequality is reproduced. Despite their differences, both views of schooling tend to assume the same unrealistic conception of schooled knowledge as being decontextualised, as being se...

Spillover of knowledge is considered to be an important cause of agglomeration of inventive activity. Many studies argue that knowledge spillovers are localized based on the observation that patents tend to cite nearby patents disproportionately. Specifically, patent citations are typically interpreted as marking the transmission of knowledge from the cited invention to the citing invention. Th...

Radio frequency identification (RFID) enabled devices are becoming increasingly common, facilitating many things from supply chain efficiencies to equipment tracking. Although there is a growing body of research on RFID systems, few studies address implementations that involve both public and private sectors. This paper outlines the results of a qualitative study that identified ten key cross-s...